ArticleTobacco control2019
Impact of e-cigarette health warnings on motivation to vape and smoke.
Article in Tobacco control, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review of experimental and longitudinal studies on e-cigarette use cessation.Addictive behaviors · 2023Pooled it
- Do Vaping Prevention Messages Impact Adolescents and Young Adults? A Meta-Analysis of Experimental Studies.Health communication · 2023Pooled it
- Urgent Need for Novel Investigations of Treatments to Quit E-cigarettes: Findings from a Systematic Review.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2022Pooled it
- Designing Social Media Health Warnings for Teenagers and Young Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA health forum · 2026Trial
- Identifying Promising Message Themes for Youth Who Use Multiple Tobacco Products.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2025Trial
- Effects of narrative versus non-narrative pictorial warning labels on visual attention and alcohol-related cancer risk perceptions: An eye-tracking study.Addictive behaviors · 2025Trial
- Optimising messages and images for e-cigarette warnings.Tobacco control · 2025Trial
- Perceived Effectiveness of Cigar Warnings in Discouraging Blunt Use.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024Trial
- Framing Effects in Youth E-Cigarette Use Prevention: Individual Text Messages Versus Simulated Text Exchanges.Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education · 2023Trial
- Nicotine replacement therapy for vaping cessation among mono and dual users: A mixed methods preliminary study.Addictive behaviors · 2023Trial
- The Impact of The Real Cost Vaping and Smoking Ads across Tobacco Products.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Trial
- Should messages discourage sugary drinks, encourage water, or both? A randomized experiment with U.S. parents.Preventive medicine · 2023Trial
- Designing Effective Alcohol Warnings: Consumer Reactions to Icons and Health Topics.American journal of preventive medicine · 2023Trial
- Impact of Vaping Prevention Advertisements on US Adolescents: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2022Trial
- Identifying Promising Themes for Adolescent Vaping Warnings: A National Experiment.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2022Trial
- Designing More Effective Cigar Warnings: An Experiment Among Adult Cigar Smokers.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2022Trial
- The Impact of Toddler Milk Claims on Beliefs and Misperceptions: A Randomized Experiment with Parents of Young Children.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · 2022Trial
- Participant Engagement and Reactance to a Short, Animated Video About Added Sugars: Web-based Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2022Trial
- Developing health and environmental warning messages about red meat: An online experiment.PloS one · 2022Trial
- Optimizing Images for an E-Cigarette Messaging Campaign: Liking and Perceived Effectiveness.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Trial
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundA prevailing hypothesis is that health warnings for electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) could drive people away from vaping and towards smoking cigarettes. We consider an alternative hypothesis that e-cigarette warnings discourage both vaping and smoking.
methodsParticipants were a national convenience sample of 2218 US adults who used e-cigarettes, cigarettes or both. In August 2018, we randomised participants to one of three warning
resultsText warnings elicited higher intentions to quit vaping than control among e-cigarette users ( DISCUSSION: E-cigarette health warnings may motivate users to quit vaping and discourage smoking. The most promising warnings include health hazards (other than nicotine addiction) and imagery. We found no support for the hypothesis that e-cigarette warnings could encourage smoking cigarettes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.