SynthesisJournal of traumatic stress2019
Association Between Shame and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Journal of traumatic stress, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Experiencing Psychosis and Shame: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Strength and Patterns of Association.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2025Pooled it
- The relationship of trauma-related guilt with PTSD symptoms in adult trauma survivors: a meta-analysis.Psychological medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Conceptualization and Assessment of Shame Experience and Regulation: An Umbrella Review of Synthesis Studies.Clinical psychology & psychotherapyPooled it
- Self-report and urine drug screen concordance among women with co-occurring PTSD and substance use disorders participating in a clinical trial: Impact of drug type and participant characteristics.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2023Trial
- The burden of shame: PTSD symptoms and social support in Arabic-speaking women survivors of sexual violence.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2026Article
- The role of reduced sense of isolation in group-format PTSD treatment.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Combined DMT-harmine formulation reduces negative self-referential emotions during social self-evaluation: a randomized placebo-controlled trial in healthy volunteers.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Maternal PTSD and Depression as Predictors of Child Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms: The Mediating Roles of Parenting Stress and Maternal Mentalization.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Psychosocial impacts of a mouse plague and ongoing psychological stress.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Female genital self-image and psychological distress: the serial mediating effects of existential shame and limited access to emotion regulation strategies.Archives of women's mental health · 2026Article
- Enhancing trauma-focused therapy (EMDR) with Imagery Rescripting for childhood abuse-related PTSD: a case study.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2025Article
- Examining cognitive emotion regulation strategies and symptom improvement during a 2-week cognitive processing therapy-based intensive treatment programme for PTSD.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2025Article
- Trauma-related guilt, shame, and trauma type among patients with co-occurring PTSD and SUD.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2025Article
- Mindfulness affected post-traumatic stress symptoms and post-traumatic growth: Adaptive and maladaptive sides through trauma-related shame and guilt.PsyCh journal · 2025Article
- Efficacy of an internet-based guided trauma-focused intervention in reducing ICD-11 posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial.BMC psychiatry · 2024Article
- Understanding Trauma in IPV: Distinguishing Complex PTSD, PTSD, and BPD in Victims and Offenders.Brain sciences · 2024Review
- Enhancing post-traumatic stress disorder patient assessment: leveraging natural language processing for research of domain criteria identification using electronic medical records.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2024Article
- Shame and Emotion Dysregulation as Pathways to Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms Among Women With a History of Interpersonal Trauma.Journal of interpersonal violence · 2024Article
- Trauma-related shame predicts daily non-medical prescription opioid use among individuals with PTSD symptoms.Journal of psychiatric research · 2024Article
- Enhancing post-traumatic stress disorder patient assessment: Leveraging Natural Language Processing for Research of Domain Criteria Identification using electronic medical records.Research square · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex condition with affective components that extend beyond fear and anxiety. The emotion of shame has long been considered critical in the relation between trauma exposure and PTSD symptoms. Yet, to date, no meta-analytic synthesis of the empirical association between shame and PTSD has been conducted. To address this gap, the current study summarized the magnitude of the association between shame and PTSD symptoms after trauma exposure. A systematic literature search yielded 624 publications, which were screened for inclusion criteria (individuals exposed to a Criterion A trauma, and PTSD and shame assessed using validated measures of each construct). In total, 25 studies employing 3,663 participants met full eligibility criteria. A random-effects meta-analysis revealed a significant moderate association between shame and posttraumatic stress symptoms, r = .49, 95% CI [0.43, 0.55], p < .001. Moderator analyses were not completed due to the absence of between-study heterogeneity. Publication bias analyses revealed minimal bias, determined by small attenuation after the superimposition of weight functions. The results underscore that across a diverse set of populations, shame is characteristic for many individuals with PTSD and that it warrants a central role in understanding the affective structure of PTSD. Highlighting shame as an important clinical target may help improve the efficacy of established treatments. Future research examining shame's interaction with other negative emotions and PTSD symptomology is recommended.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.