Microarray analysis of apoptosis gene expression in liver injury induced by chronic exposure to arsenic and high-fat diet in male mice.

Rapid growth in the incidence of liver disease is largely attributable to lifestyle and environmental contaminants, which are often overlooked as the leading causes of this problem. Thus, the possible contribution of arsenic (As) to high-fat diet (HFD)-induced liver damage was examined via microarray analysis. To perform this experiment, a total number of 40 healthy adult male NMRI mice (22-30 g) were used. To this end, these animals were randomly assigned to four groups of 10. Oxidative stress and histopathological parameters were also evaluated in the liver of the mice exposed to a minimally cytotoxic concentration of As (50 ppm) in drinking water while being fed with a HFD for 20 weeks. Subsequently, apoptosis gene expression profiling was utilized via real-time (RT) PCR array analysis. The results showed that As had increased the amount of HFD-induced liver damage and consequently amplified changes in oxidative stress factors, histopathological parameters, as well as apoptosis pathway genes. Investigating the expression profile of apoptosis pathway genes similarly revealed that caspase-8, as a main upstream contributor to the apoptosis pathway, might play an important role in the induction of apoptosis generated by As and HFD. Ultimately, this study highlighted that As in drinking water could increase sensitivity in mice to HFD-induced liver disease through strengthening apoptosis pathway.