ArticleInternational journal of epidemiology2020
PM2.5 air pollution and cause-specific cardiovascular disease mortality.
Article in International journal of epidemiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 210 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
210 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Forensic Perspective of Unintentional Doping, Cardiovascular Health, and the Role of Nutrition in Competitive Sports.Nutrients · 2026Pooled it
- Impact of Ambient Air Pollution on Cardiovascular Diseases in Low- and Lower-Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Global heart · 2026Pooled it
- Genetic and environmental risk factors of asthma: a narrative review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Projecting non-communicable diseases attributable to air pollution in the climate change era: a systematic review.BMJ open · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of fine particulate matter on bone marrow-conserved hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells: a systematic review.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Impact of Indoor Air Pollutants on the Cardiovascular Health Outcomes of Older Adults: Systematic Review.Clinical interventions in aging · 2024Pooled it
- The local impacts of coal and oil power plant retirements on air pollution and cardiorespiratory health in California: An application of generalized synthetic control method.Environmental research · 2023Pooled it
- Does air pollution exposure affect semen quality? Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis of 93,996 Chinese men.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Particulate Matter and Premature Mortality: A Bayesian Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Long-Term PMJournal of the American Heart Association · 2021Pooled it
- Quantitative Analysis of Small Particles Present in Surgical Smoke Generated During Breast Surgery.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Trial
- Breathing in harm: current insights into the effects of air pollution on cardiorespiratory health.Medical gas research · 2027Review
- Associations between short-term PMBMJ open · 2026Article
- Machine Learning Predictions of PMGeoHealth · 2026Article
- Article
- Air pollution and cognitive outcomes in older adults: a systematic review.Reviews on environmental health · 2026Review
- Association between exposure to indoor PMBMC public health · 2026Article
- Air quality and health implications of exposure to ultrafine particle pollution.Cardiovascular research · 2026Article
- A multi-pollutant air quality health index for assessing mortality risk of ischemic heart disease in Jinan, China.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Effects of shortZhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2026Article
150 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAmbient air pollution is a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, yet uncertainty remains about the size of risks at lower levels of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure which now occur in the USA and elsewhere.
methodsWe investigated the relationship of ambient PM2.5 exposure with cause-specific cardiovascular disease mortality in 565 477 men and women, aged 50 to 71 years, from the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study. During 7.5 x 106 person-years of follow up, 41 286 cardiovascular disease deaths, including 23 328 ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and 5894 stroke deaths, were ascertained using the National Death Index. PM2.5 was estimated using a hybrid land use regression (LUR) geostatistical model. Multivariate Cox regression models were used to estimate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
resultsEach increase of 10 μg/m3 PM2.5 (overall range, 2.9-28.0 μg/m3) was associated, in fully adjusted models, with a 16% increase in mortality from ischaemic heart disease [hazard ratio (HR) 1.16; 95% CI 1.09-1.22] and a 14% increase in mortality from stroke (HR 1.14; CI 1.02-1.27). Compared with PM2.5 exposure <8 μg/m3 (referent), risks for CVD were increased in relation to PM2.5 exposures in the range of 8-12 μg/m3 (CVD: HR 1.04; 95% CI 1.00-1.08), in the range 12-20 μg/m3 (CVD: HR 1.08; 95% CI 1.03-1.13) and in the range 20+ μg/m3 (CVD: HR 1.19; 95% CI 1.10-1.28). Results were robust to alternative approaches to PM2.5 exposure assessment and statistical analysis.
conclusionsLong-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution is associated with ischaemic heart disease and stroke mortality, with excess risks occurring in the range of and below the present US long-term standard for ambient exposure to PM2.5 (12 µg/m3), indicating the need for continued improvements in air pollution abatement for CVD prevention.
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