ArticleViruses2019
The Optimal Concentration of Formaldehyde is Key to Stabilizing the Pre-Fusion Conformation of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Fusion Protein.
Article in Viruses, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Structural vaccinology expedites rational design of next-generation vaccines for influenza and respiratory syncytial virus.Virologica Sinica · 2026Review
- Impact of inactivation methods on biosafety and antigen reactivity of Brucella melitensis from the perspective of Astral-DIA proteomics based on antibody immunoprecipitation mass spectrometry.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Optimally fixed F protein on the surface of RSV-infected cells for RSV binding and neutralizing assays.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Optimizing formaldehyde and binary ethylenimine combinations for inactivation of foot-and-mouth disease virus GR12: insights from Indonesia's third outbreak for local vaccine development.Veterinary world · 2025Article
- Non-Invasive Vaccines: Challenges in Formulation and Vaccine Adjuvants.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- An Optimized FI-RSV Vaccine Effectively Protects Cotton Rats and BALB/c Mice without Causing Enhanced Respiratory Disease.Viruses · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo date, there is no licensed vaccine available to prevent respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. The valuable pre-fusion conformation of the fusion protein (pre-F) is prone to lose high neutralizing antigenic sites. The goals of this study were to stabilize pre-F protein by fixatives and try to find the possibility of developing an inactivated RSV vaccine.
methodsThe screen of the optimal fixative condition was performed with flow cytometry. BALB/c mice were immunized intramuscularly with different immunogens. The serum neutralizing antibody titers of immunized mice were determined by neutralization assay. The protection and safety of these immunogens were assessed.
resultsFixation in an optimal concentration of formaldehyde (0.0244%-0.0977%) or paraformaldehyde (0.0625%-1%) was able to stabilize pre-F. Additionally, BALB/c mice inoculated with optimally stabilized pre-F protein (opti-fixed) induced a higher anti-RSV neutralization (9.7 log
conclusionsOnly the proper concentration of fixatives could stabilize pre-F and the optimal formaldehyde condition provides a potential reference for development of an inactivated RSV vaccine.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.