ArticlePediatric research2020
Impact of Holder pasteurization on immunological properties of human breast milk over the first year of lactation.
Article in Pediatric research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review of the biological gap between mother's own milk and pasteurized donor milk: implications for intestinal health in preterm infants.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Effects of Holder Pasteurization on 15-F2t-Isoprostane and Total Antioxidant Power in Donor Human Milk.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Effect of Holder pasteurization on nutrient and immune component retention in human milk: a comparison between water and dry pasteurizers.International breastfeeding journal · 2025Article
- Donor human milk pasteurization methods and the effect on milk components as they relate to Necrotizing enterocolitis.Seminars in fetal & neonatal medicine · 2025Review
- Understanding modifiable barriers to human milk donation in the United Kingdom.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2025Article
- The need for high quality research regarding donor human milk supplementation in moderately-late preterm and early-term infants.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- New latex agglutination assay for the determination of lactoferrin in human milk.International breastfeeding journal · 2024Article
- Receiving screened donor human milk as part of a community-based lactation support programme reduces parental symptoms of anxiety and depression.Maternal & child nutrition · 2024Article
- Fatty Acid Transfer from Blood to Milk Is Disrupted in Mothers with Low Milk Production, Obesity, and Inflammation.The Journal of nutrition · 2023Article
- Effects of human donor milk on gut barrier function and inflammation:Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Eight-year operation status and data analysis of the first human milk bank in East China.International breastfeeding journal · 2022Article
- Changes in Antisecretory Factor in Human Milk During the Postpartum and Length of Gestation.Journal of human lactation : official journal of International Lactation Consultant Association · 2022Article
- Human Milk SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies up to 6 Months After Vaccination.Pediatrics · 2022Article
- Holder Pasteurization: Comparison of Water-Bath and Dry-Tempering Devices.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Comparison of the Effect of Holder Pasteurization and High-Pressure Processing on Human Milk Bacterial Load and Bioactive Factors Preservation.Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition · 2021Article
- Immune profiling of breast milk from mothers with treated celiac disease.Pediatric research · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe timing of milk donations to human milk banks ranges from a few days to more than 1 year after delivery, and the Holder method is used for pasteurization. We evaluated the effect of temporal variation and thermal treatment on the immunological properties of milk.
methodsWe analyzed 73 milk samples, raw and after pasteurization, donated at different lactation stages. We studied antibodies, lysozyme, cytokines, soluble receptors, and factors with impact on barrier function. We also evaluated in vitro the capacity of milk to modulate nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling in an HT-29 epithelial cell line stimulated with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α).
resultsWith few exceptions, immune components exhibited their highest levels in colostrum, and were stable in the various stages of mature milk. Pasteurization altered the immunological composition of milk, and very drastically for some components. Raw milk of the first year reduced NF-κB activation in HT-29 cells treated with TNF-α to approximately the same extent, and Holder pasteurization significantly affected this capacity.
conclusionsOverall, the present work reports that mature donated milk is equally valuable over the first year of lactation, but warns about drastic losses of anti-inflammatory properties during Holder pasteurization that could be critical for the health of preterm infants.
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