ReviewCanadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique2019
Tuberculosis in Canada and the United States: a review of trends from 1953 to 2015.
Review in Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Upward trends in new, rifampicin-resistant and concurrent extrapulmonary tuberculosis cases in northern Guizhou Province of China.Scientific reports · 2021Observational
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo explore tuberculosis (TB) incidence in Canada and the United States from 1953 to 2015. In the most recent decade, the US incidence was lower than that of Canada. Since both countries are high income and have low TB incidence with similar TB surveillance programs, we hypothesized that rates should be similar.
methodsTB incidence data from 1953 to 2015 were retrieved for both countries. Joinpoint regression was performed to identify change points in the trend, and direct standardization of US rates using Canadian ethnic population distribution was calculated. Adjusted rate and average annual percent change (AAPC) were estimated.
resultsCanada rates/100,000 were higher from 1953 to 1974 and similar from 1975 to 1985. This coincided with a change in US case definition in 1975. US rates were higher from 1986 to 1996. HIV/TB coinfection in the USA was 10.2% compared to that of Canada, 1.6%. Rates were similar from 1997 to 2004. Canada rates were again higher from 2005 to 2015. The Canada average AAPC rate in 1975-2015 was lower, - 2.9%, compared to that of the USA, - 4.1%. Foreign-born and Indigenous population proportions were 20.2% and 4.2% for Canada and 12.9% and 1.7% for the USA. The US rate adjusted to the Canada ethnic composition was 4.8 compared to the Canadian rate of 4.7.
conclusionCase definition change and HIV coinfection contributed to the 1980 US rate increase. TB rates decreased in both countries from 1997, but more rapidly in the USA. The Canada proportion of foreign-born and Indigenous populations was higher. When US rates were standardized by Canada ethnic distribution, the national rates were similar. Further exploration of factors contributing to differences between these countries is needed.
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