ArticleRevista espanola de salud publica2019
[Smoking prevalence and health-related lifestyle behaviours according to tobacco use after the smoke-free law in Spain: analysis of Spanish National Health Surveys 2009-2017.]
Article in Revista espanola de salud publica, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- A population-based study of incidence trends of head and neck epithelial cancers in northeastern Spain, 1994-2018.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Article
- Risk of Insulin Resistance in 44,939 Spanish Healthcare Workers: Association with Sociodemographic Variables and Healthy Habits.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Tobacco consumption in Spain: Individual risk profiles.Tobacco induced diseases · 2023Article
- Trends in hospitalization and death rates among patients with head and neck cancer in Spain, 2009 to 2019.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Article
- Trends in hospitalization and in-hospital mortality rates among patients with lung cancer in Spain between 2010 and 2020.BMC cancer · 2022Article
- Evaluation of the perception of physical and emotional health of ophthalmologists in Spain and the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic.Journal francais d'ophtalmologie · 2022Observational
- Factors That Influence Adherence to Medication in Adults With Congenital Heart Disease (ACHD).Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- Cardiovascular disease risk factors in Spain: A comparison of native and immigrant populations.PloS one · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveSmoking is one of the health risk factors most associated with population morbidity and mortality. In Spain, legal restrictions have been introduced for the use of tobacco. The objective of this study was to analyse the smoking prevalence in Spain during the period 2009-2017, following the implementation of these legal restrictions, and the relationship and evolution between smoking and other health-related lifestyle factors.
methodsWe analyzed data in 2019 from the European Health Survey in Spain 2009 and National Health Surveys of Spain 2012 and 2017. Smoking, selfperceived health status, weight status and other health-related lifestyle behaviors (physical activity, vegetable intake, fruit intake and alcohol use). A multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to obtain the odds ratio adjusted to sex and age ("odds ratio" and 95% confidence interval).
resultsSmoking decreased by 3.13% during 2009-2012, and by 4.81% during 2009-2017. Smoking population presenting 2 or 3 risk factors in 2009 was OR=1.17 (1.08-1.26), p<0.0001, in 2012 OR=1.23 (1.12-1, 34), p<0.0001, and in 2017 OR=1.32 (1.21-1.44), p<0.0001. For 4 or 5 risk factors it was in 2009 OR=1.51 (1.31-1.74), p<0.0001, in 2012 OR=1.60 (1.42-1.81), p <0.0001, and in 2017 OR=1.70 (1.51-1.92), p <0.0001. For ex-smokers, the probability of presenting 2 or 3 risk factors in 2009 is not significant, in 2012 OR=0.88 (0.80-0.98), p = 0.013, and in 2017 it is not significant. In the case of 4 or 5 risk factors in 2009 it is not significant, in 2012 OR=0.86 (0.75-1.00), p = 0.045, and in 2017 OR=1.15 (1.02 -1.30), p =0.028.
conclusionsThere is a decrease in the smoking population in Spain during 2009-2017. People who smoke have also an unhealthy lifestyle. People who smoke presented a greater number of health-related risk factors.
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