SynthesisProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2019
Mosquito feeding behavior and how it influences residual malaria transmission across Africa.
Synthesis in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 176 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
176 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 317 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of volatile pyrethroid spatial repellents to reduce exposure to mosquito and sand fly vectors and human infection risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Parasites & vectors · 2026Pooled it
- Integrated malaria prevention in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review.Malaria journal · 2023Pooled it
- Inferring the epidemiological benefit of indoor vector control interventions against malaria from mosquito data.Nature communications · 2022Pooled it
- Insecticide-treated bed nets and residual indoor spraying reduce malaria in areas with low transmission: a reanalysis of the Maltrials study.Malaria journal · 2024Trial
- A randomized, double-blind placebo-control study assessing the protective efficacy of an odour-based 'push-pull' malaria vector control strategy in reducing human-vector contact.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Improved housing versus usual practice for additional protection against clinical malaria in The Gambia (RooPfs): a household-randomised controlled trial.The Lancet. Planetary health · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Spatiotemporal clustering of malaria in southern-central Ethiopia: A community-based cohort study.PloS one · 2019Trial
- Leveraging spatial structure to design spatially-targeted malaria interventions at the community-scale.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Integrating routinely collected mosquito vector and human behavioral data for malaria prevention: A case example in central region Malawi.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- Behavioral patterns of humans and Anopheles arabiensis reveal outdoor malaria transmission risk at Pemba Island, Zanzibar.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- Can dual active ingredient Interceptor® G2 insecticide-treated net (ITN) replace indoor residual spraying (IRS) efficiently? A case study in Sakassou, Côte d'Ivoire.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Widespread pyrethroid resistance and high kdr L995F allele frequencies in Anopheles gambiae sensu lato populations from Southern Benin, West Africa.Tropical medicine and health · 2026Article
- Multimodal platform for ITN efficacy: Surface chemistry, bioavailability, and mosquito behavior.Science advances · 2026Article
- Household and community-based approaches to malaria and cholera prevention: A narrative review with case studies from Uganda and Mozambique.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Review
- Nationally representative programmatic surveillance of mosquito and human behaviours that influence human exposure to malaria transmission and the impact of vector control across Tanzania.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- Resurgence of malaria in Ethiopia: a national landscape analysis of systemic and operational gaps.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- Species composition and blood feeding patterns of understudied Anopheles mosquitoes in southern Zambia, an area of low malaria transmission.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- In vitro larvicidal activity of selected azabenzimidazole and diarylquinoline derivatives against Anopheles gambiae and in silico mechanistic analysis.Molecular diversity · 2026Article
116 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The antimalarial efficacy of the most important vector control interventions-long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS)-primarily protect against mosquitoes' biting people when they are in bed and indoors. Mosquito bites taken outside of these times contribute to residual transmission which determines the maximum effectiveness of current malaria prevention. The likelihood mosquitoes feed outside the time of day when LLINs and IRS can protect people is poorly understood, and the proportion of bites received outdoors may be higher after prolonged vector control. A systematic review of mosquito and human behavior is used to quantify and estimate the public health impact of outdoor biting across Africa. On average 79% of bites by the major malaria vectors occur during the time when people are in bed. This estimate is substantially lower than previous predictions, with results suggesting a nearly 10% lower proportion of bites taken at the time when people are beneath LLINs since the year 2000. Across Africa, this higher outdoor transmission is predicted to result in an estimated 10.6 million additional malaria cases annually if universal LLIN and IRS coverage was achieved. Higher outdoor biting diminishes the cases of malaria averted by vector control. This reduction in LLIN effectiveness appears to be exacerbated in areas where mosquito populations are resistant to insecticides used in bed nets, but no association was found between physiological resistance and outdoor biting. Substantial spatial heterogeneity in mosquito biting behavior between communities could contribute to differences in effectiveness of malaria control across Africa.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.