ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2019
Higher Educational Attainment is Associated with Lower Risk of a Future Suicide Attempt Among Non-Hispanic Whites but not Non-Hispanic Blacks.
Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Psychological distress and its potential risk factors among Black and White adult immigrants in the United States - National Health Interview Survey 2005-2018.Preventive medicine reports · 2025Article
- Suicide Reattempt Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study Using Mashhad's Population-Based Registry, 2019-2022.Iranian journal of public health · 2025Article
- Suicide deaths by occupation skill level and educational attainment in the United States.Journal of occupational health · 2025Article
- Multilevel analysis of factors associated with suicide attempts: Evidence from 2022/2023 Mozambique Demographic and Health Survey.PloS one · 2025Article
- Educational Attainment Better Protects Non-Latino than Latino People Against Diabetes Mellitus.Global journal of cardiovascular diseases · 2025Article
- Immigration, Educational Attainment, and Subjective Health in the United States.Journal of mental health & clinical psychology · 2024Article
- Suicide attempts in the adult Mexican population: an analysis of sociodemographic characteristics and associated factors.Revista brasileira de epidemiologia = Brazilian journal of epidemiology · 2024Observational
- Understanding the educational inequalities in suicide attempts and their mediators: a Mendelian randomisation study.General psychiatry · 2024Article
- Diminished Returns of Educational Attainment on Body Mass Index Among Latino Populations: Insights from UAS Data.Global journal of epidemiology and infectious disease · 2024Article
- Effects of social deprivation on risk factors for suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in commercially insured US youth and adults.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Highly Educated Black Americans Report Higher than Expected Perceived Job Demands.Journal of rehabilitation therapy · 2023Article
- Feasibility of Race by Sex Intersectionality Research on Suicidality in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Race, Family Conflict and Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors among 9-10-Year-Old American Children.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Educational attainment reduces the risk of suicide attempt among individuals with and without psychiatric disorders independent of cognition: a bidirectional and multivariable Mendelian randomization study with more than 815,000 participants.Translational psychiatry · 2020Article
- The Unequal Effect of Income on Risk of Overweight/Obesity of Whites and Blacks with Knee Osteoarthritis: the Osteoarthritis Initiative.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2020Article
- Family Income and Gang Presence in the Neighborhood: Diminished Returns of Black Families.Urban science (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- African Americans' Diminished Returns of Parental Education on Adolescents' Depression and Suicide in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study.European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2020Article
- Combined Effects of Ethnicity and Education on Burden of Depressive Symptoms over 24 Years in Middle-Aged and Older Adults in the United States.Brain sciences · 2020Article
- Association of Educational Attainment and Race/Ethnicity With Exposure to Tobacco Advertisement Among US Young Adults.JAMA network open · 2020Article
- Diminished Health Returns of Educational Attainment Among Immigrant Adults in the United States.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeIn a sample of patients presenting to the emergency department (ED), the current study was conducted with two aims: (1) to investigate the protective effects of educational attainment (i.e., completing college) on subsequent risk of suicide attempt/death among patients presenting to the ED and (2) to compare this effect between non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic White ED patients.
methodsThe current study analyzed data from the Emergency Department Safety Assessment and Follow-Up Evaluation (ED-SAFE) study, a quasi-experimental, eight-center study of universal suicide screening and follow-up of ED patients presenting for suicidal ideation and behavior. Our sample included 937 non-Hispanic White and 211 non-Hispanic Blacks. The dependent variable was suicide attempt/death during the 52-week follow-up. The independent variable was completing college. Age, gender, lesbian/gay/bisexual status, psychiatric history, and previous suicide attempts at baseline were covariates. Race/ethnicity was the focal effect modifier. Logistic regression models were used to test the protective effects of educational attainment on suicide risk in the overall sample and by race/ethnicity.
resultsIn the overall sample, educational attainment was not associated with suicide risk over the follow-up period. A significant interaction was found between race/ethnicity and educational attainment on suicide risk, suggesting a larger protective effect for non-Hispanic Whites compared with non-Hispanic Blacks. In race/ethnicity-specific models, completing college was associated with decreased future suicide risk for non-Hispanic Whites but not Blacks.
conclusionsConsistent with the Minorities' Diminished Return theory, educational attainment better protected non-Hispanic White than non-Hispanic Blacks against future suicide attempt/death. While Whites who have not completed college may be at an increased risk of suicide, risk of suicide seems to be independent of educational attainment for non-Hispanic Blacks.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.