ArticleBMC pediatrics2019
Early antibiotic exposure and development of asthma and allergic rhinitis in childhood.
Article in BMC pediatrics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 118 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between early-life antibiotic exposure and gut microbiome alterations linked to allergic diseases in children: a systematic review.European journal of medical research · 2025Pooled it
- Environmental Risk Factors, Protective Factors, and Biomarkers for Allergic Rhinitis: A Systematic Umbrella Review of the Evidence.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Early exposure to infections increases the risk of allergic rhinitis-a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pediatrics · 2023Pooled it
- Antibiotic treatment for non-specific upper respiratory tract infections and exacerbation risk in children with asthma: a target trial emulation study.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- High early-life gut Bacteroides links to microbiome stability, resilience, and risk for childhood infections.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Article
- Butyrylated Starch Attenuates Antibiotic-Exacerbated Allergic Rhinitis by Restoring the Gut Microbiota and Barrier Function in Mice.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- Antimicrobials for neonates: evaluation and prescribing practices in Australian neonatal units.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Environmental risk factors for allergic rhinitis differ by income level: A Global Asthma Network survey.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2026Article
- Antibiotic use in early life impairs MAIT cell-mediated immunity in adulthood.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- ZIP8 loss impairs macrophage-mediated phagolysosomal removal of bacteria and is overcome by butyrate supplementation.Communications biology · 2026Article
- The nasal-oral microbiome axis in allergic rhinitis: environmental triggers, microbial dysbiosis, and immune dysregulation.Frontiers in allergy · 2026Review
- Article
- Glutamine and allergic rhinitis: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Medicine · 2025Article
- Sulfated dietary fiber protects gut microbiota from antibiotics.Microbiome · 2025Article
- Use of antibiotics in early life and development of diseases in childhood: nationwide registry study.BMJ medicine · 2025Article
- Antibodies in breast milk: Pro-bodies designed for healthy newborn development.Immunological reviews · 2024Review
- Interpretable machine learning for allergic rhinitis prediction among preschool children in Urumqi, China.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Maternal influences on offspring food allergy.Immunological reviews · 2024Review
- Short-chain fatty acids: linking diet, the microbiome and immunity.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2024Review
- Association between indoor environmental risk factors and pneumonia among preschool children in Urumqi：A case-control study.Heliyon · 2024Article
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe prevalence of pediatric allergic diseases has increased rapidly in the United States over the past few decades. Recent studies suggest an association between the increase in allergic disease and early disturbances to the gut microbiome. The gut microbiome is a set of intestinal microorganisms that begins to form during birth and is highly susceptible to disturbance during the first year of life. Early antibiotic exposure may negatively impact the gut microbiota by altering the bacterial composition and causing dysbiosis, thus increasing the risk for developing childhood allergic disease.
methodsWe performed a retrospective chart review of data in Loyola University Medical Center's (LUMC) Epic system from 2007 to 2016. We defined antibiotic exposure as orders in both the outpatient and inpatient settings. Inclusion criteria were being born at LUMC with at least two follow up visits. Asthma and allergic rhinitis diagnoses were obtained using ICD 9 and ICD 10 codes. We controlled for multiple confounding factors. Using Stata, bivariate logistic regression was performed between antibiotics from 0 to 12 months of life and development of disease. This analysis was repeated for total lifetime antibiotics. We defined statistically significant as p < .05.
resultsThe administration of antibiotics within the first 12 months of life was significantly associated with lifetime asthma (OR 2.66; C. I 1.11-6.40) but not allergic rhinitis. There was a significant association between lifetime antibiotics and asthma (OR 3.54; C. I 1.99-6.30) and allergic rhinitis (OR 2.43; C. I 1.43-4.11).
conclusionAntibiotic administration in the first year of life and throughout lifetime is significantly associated with developing asthma and allergic rhinitis. These results provide support for a conservative approach regarding antibiotic use in early childhood.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.