Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31277579›Full record

ArticleBMC geriatrics2019

Role of gait speed and grip strength in predicting 10-year cognitive decline among community-dwelling older people.

Ming-Yueh Chou, Yukiko Nishita, Takeshi Nakagawa, Chikako Tange, Makiko Tomida, Hiroshi Shimokata, Rei Otsuka, Liang-Kung Chen, Hidenori Arai

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC geriatrics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06070987 (To Estimate the Efficacy of Botulinum Toxin A Injection Combing With Exoskeleton Robotic Assisted Gait Training in Stroke Patients With Spastic Stiff Knee Gait), which is not on this map. Cited by 141 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
141citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06070987 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

To Estimate the Efficacy of Botulinum Toxin A Injection Combing With Exoskeleton Robotic Assisted Gait Training in Stroke Patients With Spastic Stiff Knee Gait: Motor Function Performance and Neurophysiological Evaluation

TypeinterventionalSponsorChang Gung Memorial HospitalRan2023 to 2025Enrolled30ConditionsSpastic Gait, SpasticArmsBoNT-A injections, RF BoNT-A injection in first period and robot therapy, RF BoNT-A injection in second period and robot therapy
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

141 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  15. The crossroads between osteosarcopenia and intrinsic capacity-a narrative review.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026
    Review
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81 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Ming-Yueh ChouCenter for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, No.386, Dazhong 1st Rd., Zuoying Dist., Kaohsiung City, 813, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Yukiko NishitaDepartment of Epidemiology of Aging, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan.
Takeshi NakagawaSection of NILS-LSA, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan.
Chikako TangeSection of NILS-LSA, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan.
Makiko TomidaSection of NILS-LSA, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan.
Hiroshi ShimokataSection of NILS-LSA, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan.
Rei OtsukaSection of NILS-LSA, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan. otsuka@ncgg.go.jp.ORCID 0000-0001-6184-570X
Liang-Kung ChenAging and Health Research Center, National Yang Ming University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Hidenori AraiNational Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe gait speed and handgrip strength represented the core determinants of physical frailty and sarcopenia, which were reported to be associated with cognitive impairment and decline. Different physical measures might differentially affect cognitive changes, such as higher-level cognitive change and global cognitive decline. This study examined the differential associations of gait speed and handgrip strength with 10-year cognitive changes among community-dwelling older people.

methodsParticipants aged 60 years and over living in the community were invited for study. Gait speed and handgrip strength were classified into 5 groups based on quintiles at baseline. Cognitive functions were assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) every 2 years from baseline for a period of 10 years. Linear mixed effects models were used to determine the role of gait speed and handgrip strength in the prediction of 10-year cognitive changes by adjusting covariates, including age, gender, education, depressive symptoms, marital status, smoking status, instrumental activities of daily life (IADL), Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), and body mass index (BMI) at baseline.

resultsA total of 1096 participants were enrolled in the study. The mean age was 69.4 ± 5.8 years and 50.9% were male. The slowest gait speed group showed a significantly greater decline in the DSST scores over 10 years than the highest group (estimate = 0.28 and P = 0.003), but not in the MMSE scores (estimate = 0.05 and P = 0.078). The lowest handgrip strength group showed a significantly greater decline in the MMSE scores than the highest group (estimate = 0.06 and P = 0.039) and in the DSST scores than the highest two quintiles (estimate = 0.20 and P = 0.033 for the fourth quintile; estimate = 0.20 and P = 0.040 for the highest quintile) over 10-year follow-up.

conclusionsA slow gait speed could predict 10-year cognitive decline using DSST, and a low handgrip strength could predict 10-year cognitive decline using MMSE in addition to DSST. Thus both physical measures are lined to cognitive decline but there may be different mechanisms between brain and physical functions.

Indexed as

Activities of Daily LivingAdultAgedCognitionCognitive DysfunctionFemaleFollow-Up StudiesGaitHand StrengthHumansIndependent LivingLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedSarcopeniaWalking SpeedCognitionDSSTGait speedHandgrip strengthMMSE

Identifiers

PMID31277579
PMCPMC6612180

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.