ArticleMedicine2019
Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with apical endomyocardial fibrosis and calcification: Two case reports.
Article in Medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multimodality imaging of a rare case of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with endomyocardial fibrosis and myocardial calcification: case report and literature review.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy With Endomyocardial Calcification: A Multimodality Imaging-Based Case Report.Cureus · 2025Article
- Intramyocardial calcification in apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy assessed using multimodality imaging: a case series.ESC heart failure · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
rationaleApical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (AHCM) is a rare form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy which affects predominantly the apex of the left ventricle. Generally, left ventricular enlargement is not present in AHCM; additionally, endomyocardial fibrosis, and calcification are also rare. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 61-year-old female (Case 1) and a 60-year-old female (Case 2) both presented with the symptoms of atypical chest pain, dyspnoea, exercise intolerance, palpitations. DIAGNOSIS: Magnetic resonance and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) revealed apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Furthermore, 2D-transthoracic echocardiogram showed left atrium and ventricular enlargement, as well as endomyocardial fibrosis and calcification. Based on these findings, the patients were diagnosed with AHCM.
interventionsBoth the patients were treated with ACEI, metoprolol, and aspirin. Additionally, both these patient underwent genetic test. OUTCOMES: The results of the genetic test of the 2 cases for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) were negative. However, the gene mutation for dilated cardiomyopathy (TMPO) was detected in one of the cases. No change in condition during follow-up. LESSONS: In past reports, Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy has been shown to have a benign prognosis. But in this case report, the imaging studies of the 2 patients suggest a poor prognosis. Furthermore, diagnosing cardiomyopathy should require multimodality imaging examinations to rule out differential diagnoses.
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