ArticleAnnals of global health2019
Evaluation of Benzene Exposure and Early Biomarkers of Kidney Damage in Children Exposed to Solvents Due to Precarious Work in Ticul, Yucatán, México.
Article in Annals of global health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessment of Early Nephrotoxicity in Workers Exposed to Trichloroethylene Using NGAL and KIM-1 Biomarkers.Journal of applied toxicology : JAT · 2026Article
- A study on the association between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure and kidney function indicators in adolescents: an integrated research combining statistical mediation analysis and network toxicology.International urology and nephrology · 2026Article
- Epidemiological relevant effect biomarkers for thyroid hormone system related adverse outcome pathways: a literature review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Health Risk Assessment in Children Occupationally and Para-Occupationally Exposed to Benzene Using a Reverse-Translation PBPK Model.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Where do you live and what do you do? Two questions that might impact your kidney health.Frontiers in nephrology · 2022Review
- Effect of embedded metal fragments on urinary metal levels and kidney biomarkers in the Sprague-Dawley rat.Toxicology reports · 2021Article
- Critical review of social, environmental and health risk factors in the Mexican indigenous population and their capacity to respond to the COVID-19.The Science of the total environment · 2020Review
- Assessment of kidney health and exposure to mixture pollutants in the Mexican indigenous population.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe child labor situation has been associated with precarious job conditions and poor health conditions because children are often exposed to unsafe work environments, stressful psycho-social work conditions, scarce or no access to protective services, and heavy work burdens.
objectiveThe aim of the study was to evaluate markers of exposure to benzene through the exposure biomarker trans, trans-muconic acid (tt-MA), and biomarkers of early renal damage in children who work in sites that are under precarious job conditions.
methodSamples of urine were obtained from children (aged 6-12 years old) who resided in Ticul, Yucatan, Mexico. Exposure to benzene was assessed through trans, trans-muconic acid (t,t-MA). Evaluated renal damage biomarkers were: Cystatin-C (Cys-C), Osteopontin (OPN), α1-Microglobulin (α1-MG) and Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL).
findingsChildren who live where the workplace is inside the dwelling presented higher mean levels of tt-MA (0.59 mg/g creatinine) compared with those who live away from the workshops (0.19 mg/g creatinine). Likewise, mean levels of NGAL (4.7, 5.2 ng/ml), albuminuria (10, 10 ng/ml), Cys-C (11.8, 7.5 ng/ml), OPN (224.4, 226.5 ng/ml) and α1-MG (96.6, 73.6 ng/ml) were found in children where the workplace was inside the dwelling and outside, respectively.
conclusionOur data indicate that the children who work under precarious job conditions are exposed to benzene, and they exhibit protein levels that suggest renal damage in a population in precarious working conditions. Therefore, the child population should be considered as the most vulnerable and susceptible to suffer adverse health effects.
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