SynthesisCancer medicine2019
Efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with cancer and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients: A systematic review of randomized trials.
Synthesis in Cancer medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- [Chinese guidelines for the clinical application of antibacterial drugs for febrile neutropenia (2026)].Zhonghua xue ye xue za zhi = Zhonghua xueyexue zazhi · 2026Guideline
- Recommendations for antibacterial prophylaxis in children receiving chemotherapy: a joint initiative of SITIP and infectious disease group of AIEOP.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025Guideline
- Guideline
- Emerging challenges in the evaluation of fever in cancer patients at risk of febrile neutropenia in the era of COVID-19: a MASCC position paper.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2021Guideline
- Guideline for Antibacterial Prophylaxis Administration in Pediatric Cancer and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Guideline
- Efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with cancer and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients: A systematic review of randomized trials.Cancer medicine · 2019Pooled it
- Fluoroquinolone Prophylaxis Uncovers High Prevalence Rates of Fluoroquinolone-ResistantCancers · 2026Article
- Antibacterial prophylaxis and antimicrobial stewardship in the era of innovative therapies for haematological malignancies: transplantation, cellular therapies and new drugs.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2026Review
- Diagnosis and treatment of invasive fungal disease in children with hematological malignancies after chemotherapy: Challenges and strategies (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2026Review
- The Impact of Antibiotic Prophylaxis on Antibiotic Resistance, Clinical Outcomes, and Costs in Adult Hemato-Oncological and Surgical Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Low rate of infectious mortality omitting fluoroquinolone prophylaxis in high-risk hematological patients, a single centre experience.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Patterns of fluoroquinolone utilization and resistance in a tertiary care hospital: a retrospective cross-sectional analysis study from a developing country.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Antibacterial prophylaxis for neutropenic and high-risk hematology patients-Do the benefits outweigh the risk?Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society · 2024Article
- An Overview of Selected Bacterial Infections in Cancer, Their Virulence Factors, and Some Aspects of Infection Management.Biology · 2023Review
- Role of fluoroquinolone prophylaxis in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in regions with a high prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance.Blood cell therapy · 2023Article
- Infection prevention practices among EBMT hematopoietic cell transplant centers: the EBMT Infectious Disease Working Party survey.Bone marrow transplantation · 2023Article
- Effectiveness of Quinolone Prophylaxis in Pediatric Acute Leukemia and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Open forum infectious diseases · 2022Review
- Usability Evaluation of a Noninvasive Neutropenia Screening Device (PointCheck) for Patients Undergoing Cancer Chemotherapy: Mixed Methods Observational Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2022Observational
- Review
- Neutropenia and Infection Prophylaxis in Childhood Cancer.Current oncology reports · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 8 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo determine the efficacy and safety of different prophylactic systemic antibiotics in adult and pediatric patients receiving chemotherapy or undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).
methodsWe conducted a systematic review and performed searches of Ovid MEDLINE, MEDLINE in-process and Embase; and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Studies were included if patients had cancer or were HSCT recipients with anticipated neutropenia, and the intervention was systemic antibacterial prophylaxis. Strategies synthesized included fluoroquinolone vs no antibiotic/nonabsorbable antibiotic; fluoroquinolone vs trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole; trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole vs no antibiotic; and cephalosporin vs. no antibiotic. Fluoroquinolone vs cephalosporin and levofloxacin vs ciprofloxacin were compared by network meta-analysis. Primary outcome was bacteremia.
resultsOf 20 984 citations screened, 113 studies comparing prophylactic antibiotic to control were included. The following were effective in reducing bacteremia: fluoroquinolone vs no antibiotic/nonabsorbable antibiotic (risk ratio (RR) 0.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.41-0.76), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole vs no antibiotic (RR 0.59, 95% CI 0.41-0.85) and cephalosporin vs no antibiotic (RR 0.30, 95% CI 0.16-0.58). Fluoroquinolone was not significantly associated with increased Clostridium difficile infection (RR 0.62, 95% CI 0.31-1.24) or invasive fungal disease (RR 1.28, 95% CI 0.79-2.08) but did increase resistance to fluoroquinolone among bacteremia isolates (RR 3.35, 95% CI 1.12 to 10.03). Heterogeneity in fluoroquinolone effect on bacteremia was not explained by evaluated study, population, or methodological factors. Network meta-analysis revealed no direct comparisons for pre-specified analyses; superior regimens were not identified.
conclusionsFluoroquinolone, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and cephalosporin prophylaxis reduced bacteremia. A clinical practice guideline to facilitate prophylactic antibiotic decision-making is required.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.