Trial reportClinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil)2019
Effects of aquatic exercise on mental health, functional autonomy and oxidative stress in depressed elderly individuals: A randomized clinical trial.
Trial report in Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 115 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glutathione-Related Metabolite Levels and Enzyme Activities in Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of aquatic exercise on mood and anxiety symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- A Mixed Comparisons of Different Intensities and Types of Physical Exercise in Patients With Diseases Related to Oxidative Stress: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Pooled it
- Physical function and psychosocial outcomes after a 6-month self-paced aquatic exercise program for individuals with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.European journal of applied physiology · 2025Trial
- Effects of aquatic and land high-intensity interval trainings on selected bio- and physiological variables among obese adolescents.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Trial
- Aerobic and Postural Strength Exercise Benefits in People with Schizophrenia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Trial
- Aquatic therapy in invasively mechanically ventilated patients: A systematic review of safety, feasibility, and clinical considerations.Journal of the Intensive Care Society · 2026Article
- Effects of moderate- and high-intensity exercise on behavior and oxidative damage in male and female rats subjected to early life stress.Experimental brain research · 2026Article
- Aquatic exercises combined with cognitive tasks for older women (WaterCog Study): protocol for a randomized clinical trial.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Assessment Tools, Interventions, and Biopsychosocial Factors Associated With Physical Activity in Older Adults: A Scoping Review.Nursing research and practice · 2026Review
- Intensive combined balneotherapy and aquatic exercise for knee osteoarthritis: short-term clinical and functional outcomes.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- The Effort, Dyspnea, and Cooperation Scores in Mild and Moderate Post-COVID-19 Patients: Results of a Retrospective Study.Advances in respiratory medicine · 2025Article
- Unraveling the Molecular Underpinnings: The Therapeutic Impact of Aerobic Exercise on Anxiety Disorders.Current medical science · 2025Review
- Aquatic Therapy Versus Land-Based Therapy in Patients with Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Review
- The Benefits of Practicing Physical Activity in the Aquatic Environment on Health and Quality of Life.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Voltage-Gated Calcium Channel α2δ Subunit in Neuropathic Pain.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Effects of Aerobic Exercises at Different Intensities on Sleep Quality in Individuals with Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nature and science of sleep · 2025Review
- Effect of a short-term water-based exercise program on cognitive skills in a Mexican older adult population.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Article
- Hydroalcoholic Extract of Centella asiatica and Madecassic Acid Reverse Depressive-Like Behaviors, Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Adult Rats Submitted to Stress in Early Life.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aquatic exercise on mental health, functional autonomy and oxidative stress parameters in depressed elderly individuals.
methodsInitially, ninety-two elderly individuals were included in the study and were allocated into the depression group (n=16) and nondepression group (n=14). Both groups engaged in the aquatic exercise program for 12 weeks, including two weekly sessions (45 min/session) at a low intensity (between 50% and 60% of maximal heart rate or Borg scale scores of 13 to 14) throughout the intervention. All outcomes were evaluated at baseline and 12 weeks later.
resultsThe patients were 63.5±8.8 years old. The following scores were decreased after training in the depressed group: depression (53%), anxiety (48%), and Timed Up & Go (33%). The following scores increased: Berg Balance Scale (9%) and flexibility (44%). Regarding the blood-based parameters, there were decreases in protein carbonylation (46%) and nitric oxide (60%) and increases in glutathione (170%) and superoxide dismutase (160%) in the depression group (p<0.005).
conclusionsThe aquatic exercise program reduces depression and anxiety, improves functional autonomy and decreases oxidative stress in depressed elderly individuals.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.