ReviewNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2020
Defining and Measuring Abstinence in Clinical Trials of Smoking Cessation Interventions: An Updated Review.
Review in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 141 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
141 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 215 citations in OpenAlex.
- Addressing tobacco use in the context of opioid use disorder: A systematic review of smoking cessation interventions.The American journal on addictions · 2026Pooled it
- Treatment of Nicotine Use in Adolescents Under 18 Years of Age: An Official American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2025Guideline
- Does socioeconomic position moderate the associations between the content and delivery features of digital behaviour change interventions for smoking cessation and intervention effectiveness? A systematic review and meta-analysis.Health psychology review · 2024Pooled it
- Interventions for tobacco use cessation in people living with HIV.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Very Brief Advice on Tobacco Cessation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of general internal medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Within-person associations between psychological and contextual factors and lapse incidence in smokers attempting to quit: A systematic review and meta-analysis of ecological momentary assessment studies.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2023Pooled it
- Strategies to deliver smoking cessation interventions during targeted lung health screening - a systematic review and meta-analysis.Chronic respiratory diseasePooled it
- Acceptability and Feasibility of an Islamic Faith-Based Smoking Cessation Intervention Delivered via WhatsApp for Muslim Smokers in Saudi Arabia: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR formative research · 2026Trial
- Contingency Management for Smoking Cessation Among Adults Experiencing Homelessness: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2026Trial
- Therapeutic contact intensity as an adjunct to a cognitive behavioral smoking cessation app: protocol for a randomized controlled trial.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2026Trial
- Cessation of Smoking Trial in the Emergency Department: Long-Term Follow-up of a Randomized Controlled Trial.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026Trial
- Efficacy and long-term engagement of a WeChat-integrated modality versus a traditional quitline on smoking cessation in China: a randomised controlled trial.BMC medicine · 2026Trial
- Effectiveness of behavioural tobacco cessation interventions with and without pharmacotherapy among people living with HIV in Viet Nam: a three-arm pragmatic randomised controlled trial.The Lancet. Global health · 2026Trial
- Evidence-based brief cessation advice plus active referral for emergency department patients who smoke: a single-arm, real-world clinical trial.BMC medicine · 2025Trial
- Urge Coping Mediates the Relationship Between Physical Activity and Smoking Outcomes in a Sample of Premenopausal Women Intending to Quit Smoking.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Trial
- Biomarkers of Nicotine and Tobacco Carcinogen Exposure in Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Black Adults Receiving a Brief Smoking Reduction Intervention.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2025Trial
- The Efficacy of the SinHumo App Combined With a Psychological Treatment to Quit Smoking: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Trial
- Effects of a Tailored Mobile Messaging Intervention for Indoor Tanning Cessation in Young Females: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2025Trial
- Behavioral Activation mHealth Application for Smoking Cessation: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024Trial
- Smartband-based smoking detection and real-time brief mindfulness intervention: findings from a feasibility clinical trial.Annals of medicine · 2024Trial
81 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundChanges in tobacco products, use patterns, and assessment technology in the last 15 years led the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco (SRNT) Treatment Research Network to call for an update to the 2003 SRNT recommendations for assessing abstinence in clinical trials of smoking cessation interventions.
methodsThe SRNT Treatment Research Network convened a group of investigators with decades of experience in conducting tobacco treatment clinical trials. To arrive at the updated recommendations, the authors reviewed the recommendations of the prior SRNT Workgroup as well as current literature. Ten additional experts in the field provided feedback on this paper and these recommendations.
resultsWith respect to defining abstinence, the authors recommend: (1) continuing to use the definition of no use of combustible tobacco products (regardless of use of noncombustible tobacco products [e.g., snus] and alternative products [e.g., e-cigarettes]) and collecting additional data to permit alternate abstinence definitions; (2) no use of combustible or smokeless tobacco products; and (3) no use of combustible or smokeless tobacco products or alternative products, as appropriate for the research question being addressed. The authors also recommend reporting point prevalence and prolonged abstinence at multiple timepoints (end of treatment, ≥3 months after the end of treatment, and ≥6 months postquit or posttreatment initiation).
conclusionsDefining abstinence requires specification of which products a user must abstain from using, the type of abstinence (i.e., point prevalence or continuous), and the duration of abstinence. These recommendations are intended to serve as guidelines for investigators as they collect the necessary data to accurately describe participants' abstinence during smoking cessation clinical trials. IMPLICATIONS: This paper provides updated recommendations for defining abstinence in the context of smoking cessation treatment clinical trials.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.