Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31270219›Full record

ArticleNeurology2019

Acute elevation of serum inflammatory markers predicts symptom recovery after concussion.

Morgan E Nitta, Jonathan Savitz, Lindsay D Nelson, T Kent Teague, James B Hoelzle, Michael A McCrea, Timothy B Meier

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Neurology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
52citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.4field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

52 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 89 citations in OpenAlex.

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  13. Revisiting the critical roles of reactive microglia in traumatic brain injury.International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Morgan E NittaFrom the Departments of Neurosurgery (M.E.N., L.D.N., M.A.M., T.B.M.), Neurology (L.D.N., M.A.M.), Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy (T.B.M.), and Biomedical Engineering (T.B.M.), Medical College of Wisconsin; Department of Psychology (M.E.N., J.B.H.), Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI; Laureate Institute for Brain Research (J.S.), Tulsa; Oxley College of Health Sciences (J.S.), The University of Tulsa; Departments of Surgery (T.K.T.) and Psychiatry (T.K.T.), University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (T.K.T.), University of Oklahoma College of Pharmacy; and Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology (T.K.T.), Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa.
Jonathan SavitzFrom the Departments of Neurosurgery (M.E.N., L.D.N., M.A.M., T.B.M.), Neurology (L.D.N., M.A.M.), Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy (T.B.M.), and Biomedical Engineering (T.B.M.), Medical College of Wisconsin; Department of Psychology (M.E.N., J.B.H.), Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI; Laureate Institute for Brain Research (J.S.), Tulsa; Oxley College of Health Sciences (J.S.), The University of Tulsa; Departments of Surgery (T.K.T.) and Psychiatry (T.K.T.), University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (T.K.T.), University of Oklahoma College of Pharmacy; and Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology (T.K.T.), Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa.
Lindsay D NelsonFrom the Departments of Neurosurgery (M.E.N., L.D.N., M.A.M., T.B.M.), Neurology (L.D.N., M.A.M.), Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy (T.B.M.), and Biomedical Engineering (T.B.M.), Medical College of Wisconsin; Department of Psychology (M.E.N., J.B.H.), Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI; Laureate Institute for Brain Research (J.S.), Tulsa; Oxley College of Health Sciences (J.S.), The University of Tulsa; Departments of Surgery (T.K.T.) and Psychiatry (T.K.T.), University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (T.K.T.), University of Oklahoma College of Pharmacy; and Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology (T.K.T.), Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa.
T Kent TeagueFrom the Departments of Neurosurgery (M.E.N., L.D.N., M.A.M., T.B.M.), Neurology (L.D.N., M.A.M.), Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy (T.B.M.), and Biomedical Engineering (T.B.M.), Medical College of Wisconsin; Department of Psychology (M.E.N., J.B.H.), Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI; Laureate Institute for Brain Research (J.S.), Tulsa; Oxley College of Health Sciences (J.S.), The University of Tulsa; Departments of Surgery (T.K.T.) and Psychiatry (T.K.T.), University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (T.K.T.), University of Oklahoma College of Pharmacy; and Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology (T.K.T.), Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa.
James B HoelzleFrom the Departments of Neurosurgery (M.E.N., L.D.N., M.A.M., T.B.M.), Neurology (L.D.N., M.A.M.), Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy (T.B.M.), and Biomedical Engineering (T.B.M.), Medical College of Wisconsin; Department of Psychology (M.E.N., J.B.H.), Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI; Laureate Institute for Brain Research (J.S.), Tulsa; Oxley College of Health Sciences (J.S.), The University of Tulsa; Departments of Surgery (T.K.T.) and Psychiatry (T.K.T.), University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (T.K.T.), University of Oklahoma College of Pharmacy; and Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology (T.K.T.), Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa.
Michael A McCreaFrom the Departments of Neurosurgery (M.E.N., L.D.N., M.A.M., T.B.M.), Neurology (L.D.N., M.A.M.), Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy (T.B.M.), and Biomedical Engineering (T.B.M.), Medical College of Wisconsin; Department of Psychology (M.E.N., J.B.H.), Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI; Laureate Institute for Brain Research (J.S.), Tulsa; Oxley College of Health Sciences (J.S.), The University of Tulsa; Departments of Surgery (T.K.T.) and Psychiatry (T.K.T.), University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (T.K.T.), University of Oklahoma College of Pharmacy; and Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology (T.K.T.), Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa.
Timothy B MeierFrom the Departments of Neurosurgery (M.E.N., L.D.N., M.A.M., T.B.M.), Neurology (L.D.N., M.A.M.), Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy (T.B.M.), and Biomedical Engineering (T.B.M.), Medical College of Wisconsin; Department of Psychology (M.E.N., J.B.H.), Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI; Laureate Institute for Brain Research (J.S.), Tulsa; Oxley College of Health Sciences (J.S.), The University of Tulsa; Departments of Surgery (T.K.T.) and Psychiatry (T.K.T.), University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (T.K.T.), University of Oklahoma College of Pharmacy; and Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology (T.K.T.), Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa. tmeier@mcw.edu.
University of Oklahoma · USLaureate Institute for Brain Research · USUniversity of Tulsa · US

Funding

Clinical and Translational Science AwardUL1TR001436 · NCATS · MEDICAL COLLEGE OF WISCONSIN · PI FREED, JULIE K · 2015 to 2025
$47.5M
The Center for Neuroscience-based Mental Health Assessment and Prediction (NEUROMAP)P20GM121312 · NIGMS · LAUREATE INSTITUTE FOR BRAIN RESEARCH · PI Maëlle Camille Marie Gueguen · 2017 to 2026
$23.7M
The role of neuroactive kynurenine metabolites in the chronic sequelae of concussion and contact sport exposureR01NS102225 · NINDS · MEDICAL COLLEGE OF WISCONSIN · PI MEIER, TIMOTHY B. · 2018 to 2022
$1.8M
Acute modulation of neural circuitry regulating immune function in depressionR21MH113871 · NIMH · LAUREATE INSTITUTE FOR BRAIN RESEARCH · PI SAVITZ, JONATHAN · 2018 to 2019
$477k
Inflammation and Kynurenine Metabolites in the Acute Sequelae of ConcussionR21NS099789 · NINDS · MEDICAL COLLEGE OF WISCONSIN · PI MEIER, TIMOTHY B. · 2017 to 2018
$443k
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001436NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM121312NIMH NIH HHS R21 MH113871NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS102225NINDS NIH HHS R21 NS099789
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo test the hypothesis that acute elevations in serum inflammatory markers predict symptom recovery after sport-related concussion (SRC).

methodsHigh school and collegiate football players (n = 857) were prospectively enrolled. Forty-one athletes with concussion and 43 matched control athletes met inclusion criteria. Serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor, C-reactive protein, interferon-γ, and IL-1 receptor antagonist and Sport Concussion Assessment Tool, 3rd edition (SCAT3) symptom severity scores were collected at a preinjury baseline, 6 and 24-48 hours postinjury, and approximately 8, 15, and 45 days following concussion. The number of days that athletes were symptomatic following SRC (i.e., duration of symptoms) was the primary outcome variable.

resultsIL-6 and IL-1RA were significantly elevated in athletes with concussion at 6 hours relative to preinjury and other postinjury visits, as well as compared to controls (

conclusionsResults support the potential utility of IL-6 and IL-1RA as serum biomarkers of SRC and demonstrate the potential of these markers in identifying athletes at risk for prolonged recovery after SRC. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class III evidence that serum levels of IL-6 and IL-1RA 6 hours postconcussion significantly discriminated concussed from control athletes.

Indexed as

AdolescentAthletesAthletic InjuriesBrain ConcussionC-Reactive ProteinCytokinesFootballHumansInterferon-gammaInterleukin-10Interleukin-1betaInterleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist ProteinInterleukin-6MalePrognosisRecovery of FunctionC-Reactive ProteinCytokinesIL10 protein, humanIL1B protein, humanIL1RN protein, humanIL6 protein, humanInterferon-gammaInterleukin-10Interleukin-1betaInterleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist ProteinInterleukin-6TNF protein, humanTumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Identifiers

PMID31270219
PMCPMC6693429
OpenAlexW2955461137

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.