ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2019
A Third Emerging Stage for the Current Digital Society? Optimal Parenting Styles in Spain, the United States, Germany, and Brazil.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Parenting Styles and Internalizing Symptoms in Adolescence: A Systematic Literature Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Pooled it
- Self-esteem instability as a dynamic mechanism linking self-esteem and impostor syndrome within the context of maladaptive parenting.Discover mental health · 2026Review
- Parenting Across European Cultures: Parental Practices and Adolescent Adjustment in Germany and Spain.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Examining how emotional state, tolerance and closeness to others mediate the relationship between closeness to families and empathy in Chinese students.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Adolescent's views of positive and negative influences of family on wellbeing.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Impact of childhood trauma and parental socialization on at-risk mental state in non-clinical adolescents.World journal of psychiatry · 2025Article
- Adverse Childhood Experience Chronicity and Timing: Impacts on Harsh and Nurturing Parenting in UK Black and Minority Ethnic Parents.Journal of child & adolescent trauma · 2025Article
- Raising Generation Z Children in China: Parenting Styles and Psychosocial Adjustment.Psychosocial intervention · 2025Article
- Relationship Between Parenting Styles and Personality in Older Spanish Adolescents.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Emotion crafting links parental autonomy support and warmth to young adult well-being.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Raising to conformity without strictness: is it achievable?Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Article
- Associations between perceived parenting, brain activity and connectivity, and depression symptoms in Brazilian adolescents.International journal of adolescence and youth · 2024Article
- Parenting style and the non-cognitive development of high school student: evidence from rural China.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Editorial: Family and school influences on individuals' early and later adjustment.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Early Family Experiences, Drug Use, and Psychosocial Adjustment across the Life Span: Is Parental Strictness Always a Protective Factor?Psychosocial intervention · 2024Article
- Parenting style and children emotion management skills among Chinese children aged 3-6: the chain mediation effect of self-control and peer interactions.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Parental Socialization and Adjustment Components in Adolescents and Middle-Aged Adults: How are They Related?Psychology research and behavior management · 2023Article
- Adjustment and maladjustment to later life: Evidence about early experiences in the family.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- The association between authoritarian parenting style and peer interactions among Chinese children aged 3-6: an analysis of heterogeneity effects.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We propose a new paradigm with three historical stages for an optimal parenting style (i.e., indulgent parenting style), which extends the traditional paradigm of only two stages (i.e., authoritarian and authoritative parenting styles). The three stages concur, at the same time, in different environments, context, and cultures. We studied the third stage for optimal parent-child relationships through the offspring's personal and social well-being, with four adolescent samples from 11 to 19 years old (52.2% girls) from Spain (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.