ArticleEnvironmental health perspectives2019
Long-Term Particulate Matter Exposure and Onset of Depression in Middle-Aged Men and Women.
Article in Environmental health perspectives, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Maternal air pollution exposure and postpartum depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of global health · 2026Pooled it
- Air pollution, depressive and anxiety disorders, and brain effects: A systematic review.Neurotoxicology · 2022Pooled it
- Association between particulate matter air pollution and risk of depression and suicide: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Pooled it
- Air pollution and depression symptoms in middle-aged and older adults in Los Angeles County.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2025Article
- Mental health impacts of particulate matter exposure and non-optimal temperature among rural and urban children in eastern China.Npj mental health research · 2025Article
- Long-term exposure to air pollutants, meteorological factors, and mental health status: a nationwide population-based study with multilevel regression analysis.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2025Article
- Synergistic air pollution exposure elevates depression risk: A cohort study.Environmental science and ecotechnology · 2025Article
- PMProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Particulate matters (PMEnvironmental health : a global access science source · 2024Article
- The relationship between nature exposure and depression among Chinese prisoners: a moderated mediation model.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- A study on longitudinal relationship between ultrafine dust and the prevalence of depression.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Air pollution and suicide in rural and urban America: Evidence from wildfire smoke.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Long-Term Exposure to PMToxics · 2023Article
- Long-term Exposure to Multiple Ambient Air Pollutants and Association With Incident Depression and Anxiety.JAMA psychiatry · 2023Article
- Socioeconomic disparity in the association between fine particulate matter exposure and papillary thyroid cancer.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2023Article
- Genetic susceptibility and lifestyle modify the association of long-term air pollution exposure on major depressive disorder: a prospective study in UK Biobank.BMC medicine · 2023Article
- Ambient particulate matter air pollution is associated with increased risk of papillary thyroid cancer.Surgery · 2022Article
- Association between ambient air pollution and perceived stress in pregnant women.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter originating from traffic and residential wood combustion and the prevalence of depression.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2021Article
- Outdoor air pollution exposure and inter-relation of global cognitive performance and emotional distress in older women.Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLong-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution is associated with all-cause mortality and adverse cognitive outcomes, but the association with developing depression remains inconsistent.
objectiveOur goal was to evaluate the prospective association between PM air pollution and developing depression assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) scale.
methodsSubjects were drawn from a prospective cohort study of 123,045 men and women free of depressive symptoms at baseline who attended regular screening exams in Seoul and Suwon, South Korea, from 2011 to 2015. Exposure to PM with an aerodynamic diameter of [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively) was estimated using a land-use regression model based on each subject's residential postal code. Incident depression was defined as a CES-D score [Formula: see text] during follow-up. As a sensitivity analyses, we defined incident depression using self-reports of doctor's diagnoses or use of antidepressant medications during follow-up.
resultsThe mean baseline 12-month concentrations of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] were 50.6 (4.5) and [Formula: see text], respectively. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for developing depression associated with a [Formula: see text] increase in 12- and 60-month [Formula: see text] exposure were 1.11 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.16) and 1.06 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.11), respectively. The corresponding HRs for 12-month [Formula: see text] exposure was 0.96 (95% CI: 0.64, 1.43). Similar results were obtained when incident depression was identified using self-reports of doctor's diagnoses or the use of antidepressant medications.
conclusionIn this large cohort study, we found a positive association between long-term exposure to outdoor [Formula: see text] air pollution and the developing depression. We did not find an association for outdoor [Formula: see text] air pollution; however, we had a much shorter follow-up for subjects' exposure to [Formula: see text]. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP4094.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.