ArticleBMJ open2019
Is enrolment in the national health insurance scheme in Ghana pro-poor? Evidence from the Ghana Living Standards Survey.
Article in BMJ open, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Equity in health insurance coverage among women with children under two years of age in Laos: a cross-sectional study of sociodemographic disparities and implications for universal health coverage.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2026Article
- Article
- Facilitators and Barriers to Self-Volume Management in Older Patients with Chronic Heart Failure and Multimorbidity: A Qualitative Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Prevalence, perceptions and associated factors of health insurance enrollment among older persons in selected cash grant communities in Ghana: a cross-sectional mixed method.BMC geriatrics · 2024Article
- Barriers to providing healthcare to children living with cerebral palsy in Ghana: A qualitative study of healthcare provider perspectives.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- Is value-based payment for healthcare feasible under Ghana's National Health Insurance Scheme?Health research policy and systems · 2021Article
- Examining gender differentials and determinants of private health insurance coverage in Zambia.BMC health services research · 2021Article
- Is the National Health Insurance Scheme helping pregnant women in accessing health services? Analysis of the 2014 Ghana demographic and Health survey.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2021Article
- Determinants of Inappropriate Antibiotics Use in Rural Central Ghana Using a Mixed Methods Approach.Frontiers in public health · 2020Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThis article examines equity in enrolment in the Ghana National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) to inform policy decisions on progress towards realisation of universal health coverage (UHC).
designSecondary analysis of data from the sixth round of the Ghana Living Standards Survey (GLSS 6).
settingHousehold based.
participantsA total of 16 774 household heads participated in the GLSS 6 which was conducted between 18 October 2012 and 17 October 2013. ANALYSIS: Equity in enrolment was assessed using concentration curves and bivariate and multivariate analyses to determine associated factors.
main outcome measureEquity in NHIS enrolment.
resultsSurvey participants had a mean age of 46 years and mean household size of four persons. About 71% of households interviewed had at least one person enrolled in the NHIS. Households in the poorest wealth quintile (73%) had enrolled significantly (p<0.001) more than those in the richest quintile (67%). The concentration curves further showed that enrolment was slightly disproportionally concentrated among poor households, particularly those headed by males. However, multivariate logistic analyses showed that the likelihood of NHIS enrolment increased from poorer to richest quintile, low to high level of education and young adults to older adults. Other factors including sex, household size, household setting and geographic region were significantly associated with enrolment.
conclusionsFrom 2012 to 2013, enrolment in the NHIS was higher among poor households, particularly male-headed households, although multivariate analyses demonstrated that the likelihood of NHIS enrolment increased from poorer to richest quintile and from low to high level of education. Policy-makers need to ensure equity within and across gender as they strive to achieve UHC.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.