ArticleInternational journal of health geographics2019
Access to and availability of exercise facilities in Madrid: an equity perspective.
Article in International journal of health geographics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neighborhood factors and the geography of type 2 diabetes in Malaysia: an ecological based geospatial modelling study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- The association between perceived 15-minute fitness circle accessibility and physical activity in China: the mediating role of informal social support.International journal for equity in health · 2025Article
- Understanding participation of liver transplant recipients in an exercise intervention RCT: a cross-sectional study of barriers and motivators.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2025Article
- The relationship between socioeconomic status and organized sports participation among Chinese children and adolescents: the chain-mediated role of parental physical exercise and parental support.BMC public health · 2025Article
- [Prevention and management of obesity in childhood and adolescence: building social well-being through public action on the determinants of health].Revista espanola de salud publica · 2025Article
- Neighborhood Socioeconomic Deprivation and Gender Disparities in Children with Excessive Body Weight in a Southern European Municipality.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Physical activity: the key to life satisfaction - correlations between physical activity, sedentary lifestyle, and life satisfaction among young adults before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Prevalence and correlates of meeting 24-hour movement guidelines and its associations with physical fitness and depressive symptoms among adults: a provincial surveillance in China.BMC public health · 2024Article
- The interplay between social environment and opportunities for physical activity within the built environment: a scoping review.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Indicators of community physical activity resources and opportunities and variation by community sociodemographic characteristics: A scoping review.Preventive medicine reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Disparity in Built Environment and Its Impacts on Youths' Physical Activity Behaviors During COVID-19 Pandemic Restrictions.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2023Article
- Independent and Joined Association between Socioeconomic Indicators and Pediatric Obesity in Spain: The PASOS Study.Nutrients · 2023Article
- An exploratory study on excess weight gain: Experiences of Postmenopausal Women in Ghana.PloS one · 2023Article
- Parent decision-making regarding youth sport participation during the COVID-19 pandemic.Journal of community health · 2022Article
- Physical activity disparities across Europe: clustering European regions by health-related physical activity levels.Health promotion international · 2022Article
- Equity Measurement of Public Sports Space in Central Urban Areas Based on Residential Scale Data.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Exercise facilities and the prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes in the city of Madrid.Diabetologia · 2022Article
- Associations between individual and environmental determinants and physical activity levels of an active population during the Spanish lockdown.Preventive medicine · 2021Article
- Sustainability-Sport-Physical Activity.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIdentifying socioeconomic determinants that are associated with access to and availability of exercise facilities is fundamental to supporting physical activity engagement in urban populations, which in turn, may reduce health inequities. This study analysed the relationship between area-level socioeconomic status (SES) and access to, and availability of, exercise facilities in Madrid, Spain.
methodsArea-level SES was measured using a composite index based on seven sociodemographic indicators. Exercise facilities were geocoded using Google Maps and classified into four types: public, private, low-cost and sessional. Accessibility was operationalized as the street network distance to the nearest exercise facility from each of the 125,427 residential building entrances (i.e. portals) in Madrid. Availability was defined as the count of exercise facilities in a 1000 m street network buffer around each portal. We used a multilevel linear regression and a zero inflated Poisson regression analyses to assess the association between area-level SES and exercise facility accessibility and availability.
resultsLower SES areas had a lower average distance to the closest facility, especially for public and low-cost facilities. Higher SES areas had higher availability of exercise facilities, especially for private and seasonal facilities.
conclusionPublic and low-cost exercise facilities were more proximate in low SES areas, but the overall number of facilities was lower in these areas compared with higher SES areas. Increasing the number of exercise facilities in lower SES areas may be an intervention to improve health equity.
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