ArticleBMC health services research2019
Prevalence and income-related equity in hypertension in rural China from 1991 to 2011: differences between self-reported and tested measures.
Article in BMC health services research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Patient Priorities for Coverage of New Antihypertensive Drugs: A Discrete Choice Experiment in China.Patient preference and adherence · 2026Article
- Health Equity of Hypertension Management Between Local Residents and Internal Migrants in Shenzhen, China: Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2025Article
- Inequality in prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in Iran: the analysis of national households' data.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Association between sleep duration and hypertension in southwest China: a population-based cross-sectional study.BMJ open · 2022Article
- Does social capital buffer or exacerbate mental health inequality? Evidence from the China Family Panel Study (CFPS).International journal for equity in health · 2022Article
- The relationship between duration of subjective poverty and health among Chinese adults: Evidence from the China Family Panel Study.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Provincial heterogeneity in the management of care cascade for hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidaemia in China: Analysis of nationally representative population-based survey.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- Income-related health inequality among rural residents in western China.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- The effect of social participation on income-related inequality in health outcome among Chinese older adults.International health · 2021Article
- Association of hemoglobin glycation index and its interaction with obesity/family history of hypertension on hypertension risk: a community-based cross-sectional survey.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2020Article
- Income-related inequities of adult obesity and central obesity in China: evidence from the China Health and Nutrition Survey 1997-2011.BMJ open · 2020Article
- Socioeconomic Inequality in Health Outcomes Among the Elderly: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study in China.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2020Article
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10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAlong with economic growth and living standard improvement, hypertension has become one of the most prevalent chronic diseases in China. Self-reported measures and tested measures of hypertension may differ significantly due to the low awareness of prevalence. The objective of this study is to figure out whether and how self-reported measures differ from tested measures in terms of prevalence and equity.
methodWe have used data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey database from 1991 to 2011 and extracted the data of rural areas using hukou system. Hypertension is categorized into two groups: self-reported hypertension and tested hypertension. To evaluate the equity of self-reported hypertension and tested hypertension, we calculated their Concentration Index (C) and decomposed C based on which we have obtained the horizontal-inequity index (HI) of each year. Probit Model was deployed to analyze the key determinants of hypertension prevalence.
resultsWe found that the prevalence of both self-reported hypertension and tested hypertension have sharply increased from 1991 to 2011 in rural China and the population of tested hypertension was significantly larger than that of self-reported hypertension. For self-reported hypertension, prevalence rate increased from 2.72 to 13.2% and for tested hypertension it increased from 11.01 to 25.05%. Both of the Concentration Index (C) and horizontal-inequity index (HI) of self-reported hypertension and tested hypertension appeared to be contradictory. The C and HI of self-reported hypertension in 2011 were 0.032 and 0.060 respectively while the C and HI of tested hypertension were - 0.024 and - 0.015 respectively.
conclusionMore efforts should be put into for improving the poor's health, especially in equal access to health services. Symptom-based measures such as tested hypertension should be adopted more widely in empirical studies.
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