Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31262272›Full record

ArticleBMC infectious diseases2019

A viral genome wide association study and genotypic resistance testing in patients failing first line antiretroviral therapy in the first large countrywide Ethiopian HIV cohort.

Nigus Fikrie Telele, Amare Worku Kalu, Solomon Gebre-Selassie, Daniel Fekade, Gaetano Marrone, Sebastian Grossmann, Ujjwal Neogi, Belete Tegbaru, Anders Sönnerborg

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 27% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Nigus Fikrie TeleleDivision of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Alfred Nobels Allé 8, 141 83 Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden. fikrienigus2000@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9795-8869
Amare Worku KaluDivision of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Alfred Nobels Allé 8, 141 83 Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
Solomon Gebre-SelassieDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Daniel FekadeDepartment of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Gaetano MarroneDepartment of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Sebastian GrossmannDivision of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Alfred Nobels Allé 8, 141 83 Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
Ujjwal NeogiDivision of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Alfred Nobels Allé 8, 141 83 Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
Belete TegbaruEthiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Anders SönnerborgDivision of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Alfred Nobels Allé 8, 141 83 Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
Karolinska University Hospital · SEAddis Ababa University · ETEthiopian Public Health Institute · ET

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAntiretroviral therapy (ART) was rolled-out in Ethiopia in 2005, but there are no reports on outcome of ART and human immunodeficiency virus drug resistance (HIVDR) at national level. We described acquired drug resistance mutations in pol gene and performed a viral genome wide association study in virologic treatment failure patients who started first line ART during 2009-2011 in the first large countrywide HIV cohort in Ethiopia.

methodsThe outcome of tenofovir (TDF)- and zidovudine (ZDV)-based ART was defined in 874 ART naïve patients using the on-treatment (OT) and intention-to-treat (ITT) analyses. Genotypic resistance testing was done in patients failing ART (> 1000 copies/ml) at month 6 and 12. Near full-length genome sequencing (NFLG) was used to assess amino acid changes in HIV-1 gag, pol, vif, vpr, tat, vpu, and nef genes between paired baseline and month 6 samples.

resultsHigh failure rates were found in ITT analysis at month 6 and 12 (23.3%; 33.9% respectively). Major nucleoside and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase (NRTI/NNRTI) drug resistance mutations were detected in most failure patients at month 6 (36/47; 77%) and month 12 (20/30; 67%). A high rate of K65R was identified only in TDF treated patients (35.7%; 50.0%, respectively). No significant difference was found in failure rate or extent of HIVDR between TDF- and ZDV- treated patients. All target regions of interest for HIVDR were described by NFLG in 16 patients tested before initiation of ART and at month 6.

conclusionIn this first Ethiopian national cohort, a high degree of HIVDR was seen among ART failure patients, independent on whether TDF- or ZDV was given. However, the major reason to ART failure was lost-to-follow-up rather than virologic failure. Our NFLG assay covered all relevant target genes for antiretrovirals and is an attractive alternative for HIVDR surveillance.

Indexed as

MutationAdultAnti-HIV AgentsCohort StudiesDrug Resistance, ViralEthiopiaFemaleGenome-Wide Association StudyGenotypeHIV-1HIV InfectionsHIV IntegraseHumansMaleReverse Transcriptase InhibitorsTenofovirAnti-HIV AgentsHIV IntegraseReverse Transcriptase InhibitorsTenofovirZidovudineAntiretroviral therapyCountrywide HIV cohortEthiopiaGenome wide associationHIV-1 drug resistanceNear-full length genome

Identifiers

PMID31262272
PMCPMC6604127
OpenAlexW2954433307

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.