ReviewJournal of neuroscience methods2019
Avoiding off-target effects in electrical stimulation of the cervical vagus nerve: Neuroanatomical tracing techniques to study fascicular anatomy of the vagus nerve.
Review in Journal of neuroscience methods, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Anatomical variations of recurrent laryngeal nerve: a systematic review and meta-analyses.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2024Pooled it
- Neuro-immune interactions in tumors, immune-related disorders, and infections.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Splenic neuromodulation as monotherapy and in combination with biologic or targeted synthetic DMARDs for difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis (ConsiderRAte): a randomised, sham-controlled, early feasibility trial.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Vagus nerve stimulation in Crohn's disease: long-term outcomes, mechanistic insights, and the promise of non-invasive approaches.Bioelectronic medicine · 2026Article
- Scaling beyond the vagus nerve: historical and contemporary progress on electrode-based small-diameter peripheral nerve interfaces.Bioelectronic medicine · 2026Review
- Device and Procedure for Closed-Loop Endovascular Vagus Nerve Stimulation and Evoked Response Sensing.Neurosurgery · 2026Article
- Ultrasonographic measurement of cross-sectional area of the vagus nerve in patients with diabetic neuropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- A Comprehensive Research Dissemination Model for Polymer-Based Neural Interfaces.IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering · 2026Article
- Vagus Nerve Stimulation differentially modulates P3b in responders and non-responders: toward a biomarker of therapeutic efficacy.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Human vagus nerve fascicular anatomy and its implications for targeted cardiac stimulation: a microCT segmentation and histological pilot anatomical study.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity syndrome after intracerebral hemorrhage: a hypothesis-generating case report.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Brain‑heart axis: Neurostimulation techniques in ischemic heart disease (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Vagus nerve stimulation: a promising strategy to combat pyroptosis and inflammation in traumatic brain injury through the OX-A/NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- The Role of Paramedics in Diagnosing Sandifer's Syndrome.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Early experience with baroreflex activation therapy from a vascular surgery perspective.Journal of vascular surgery cases and innovative techniques · 2024Article
- Using neural biomarkers to personalize dosing of vagus nerve stimulation.Bioelectronic medicine · 2024Article
- Phosphorylated α-synuclein deposited in Schwann cells interacting with TLR2 mediates cell damage and induces Parkinson's disease autonomic dysfunction.Cell death discovery · 2024Article
- The parasympathetic and sensory innervation of the proximal and distal colon in male mice.Frontiers in neuroanatomy · 2024Article
- Optogenetic Stimulation of the Cardiac Vagus Nerve to Promote Heart Regenerative Repair after Myocardial Infarction.International journal of biological sciences · 2024Article
- Cardioneuroablation: the known and the unknown.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a promising therapy for treatment of various conditions that are resistant to standard medication, such as heart failure, epilepsy, and depression. The vagus nerve is a complex nerve providing afferent and efferent innervation of the pharynx, larynx, heart, tracheobronchial tree and lungs, oesophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, small intestine and proximal colon. It is therefore a prime target for intervention for VNS. Surprisingly, the fascicular organisation of the vagus nerve at the cervical level is still not well understood. This, along with the current stimulation techniques, results in the entire nerve being stimulated, which leads to unwanted off-target effects. Neuronal tracing is a promising method to delineate the organ-specific innervation by the vagus nerve, thereby providing valuable insight into the fascicular anatomy. In this review we discuss the current knowledge of vagus nerve anatomy and neuronal tracers used for mapping of its organ-specific projections in various species. Efferent vagal projections are a chain of two neurones (pre- and postganglionic), while afferent projections consist of only one pseudounipolar neurone with one branch terminating in the target organ/tissue directly and another in the brainstem. It would be feasible to retrogradely trace the afferent fibres from their respective visceral targets and identify them at the cervical level using non-transsynaptic neuronal tracers. Using this to create a map of the functional anatomical organisation of the vagus nerve will enable selective VNS ultimately allowing for the avoidance of the off-target effects and improving overall efficacy.
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Registered trials
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