Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31260321›Full record

ArticleThe journal of physical chemistry letters2019

Crystalline Wax Esters Regulate the Evaporation Resistance of Tear Film Lipid Layers Associated with Dry Eye Syndrome.

Riku O Paananen, Matti Javanainen, Juha M Holopainen, Ilpo Vattulainen

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The journal of physical chemistry letters, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Diurnal Variation of Tear and Meibum Lipids in Healthy Subjects.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
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  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Evidence for Phospholipids on the Surface of Human Tears.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2020
    Article
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 3 countries.

Riku O PaananenHelsinki Eye Lab, Department of Ophthalmology , University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , FI-00014 Helsinki , Finland.
Matti JavanainenInstitute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , Czech Academy of Sciences , CZ-16610 Prague 6 , Czech Republic.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4858-364X
Juha M HolopainenHelsinki Eye Lab, Department of Ophthalmology , University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , FI-00014 Helsinki , Finland.
Ilpo VattulainenDepartment of Physics , University of Helsinki , FI-00014 Helsinki , Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7408-3214
University of Helsinki · FI

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Dry eye syndrome (DES), one of the most common ophthalmological diseases, is typically caused by excessive evaporation of tear fluid from the ocular surface. Excessive evaporation is linked to impaired function of the tear film lipid layer (TFLL) that covers the aqueous tear film. The principles of the evaporation resistance of the TFLL have remained unknown, however. We combined atomistic simulations with Brewster angle microscopy and surface potential experiments to explore the organization and evaporation resistance of films composed of wax esters, one of the main components of the TFLL. The results provide evidence that the evaporation resistance of the TFLL is based on crystalline-state layers of wax esters and that the evaporation rate is determined by defects in the TFLL and its coverage on the ocular surface. On the basis of the results, uncovering the nonequilibrium spreading and crystallization of TFLL films has potential to reveal new means of treating DES.

Identifiers

PMID31260321
PMCPMC6643162
OpenAlexW2954393028

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.