ArticleDaru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences2019
Intranasal Zotepine Nanosuspension: intended for improved brain distribution in rats.
Article in Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Nanocrystals for Intravenous Drug Delivery: Composition Development, Preparation Methods and Applications in Oncology.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2025Review
- Optimization of Glyburide-loaded NanosuspensionsCurrent pharmaceutical design · 2025Article
- Metal-Organic Frameworks for Overcoming the Blood-Brain Barrier in the Treatment of Brain Diseases: A Review.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Fabricating Polymer/Surfactant/Cyclodextrin Hybrid Particles for Possible Nose-to-Brain Delivery of Ropinirole Hydrochloride: In Vitro and Ex Vivo Evaluation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Nanosystems for Brain Targeting of Antipsychotic Drugs: An Update on the Most Promising Nanocarriers for Increased Bioavailability and Therapeutic Efficacy.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Development of Biocompatible Ciprofloxacin-Gold Nanoparticle Coated Sutures for Surgical Site Infections.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Brain Targeting of Quetiapine Fumarate via Intranasal Delivery of Loaded Lipospheres: Fabrication, In-Vitro Evaluation, Optimization, and In-Vivo Assessment.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Brain-Targeted Intranasal Delivery of Zotepine Microemulsion: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Drug Nanocrystals: Focus on Brain Delivery from Therapeutic to Diagnostic Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Advances and Challenges in Intranasal Delivery of Antipsychotic Agents Targeting the Central Nervous System.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Increase in Dissolution Rate of Zotepine via Nanomilling Process - Impact of Dried Nanocrystalline Suspensions on Bioavailability.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2021Article
- Article
- Osthole-Loaded Nanoemulsion Enhances Brain Target in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease via Intranasal Administration.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2021Article
- Optimization of Curcumin Nanocrystals as Promising Strategy for Nose-to-Brain Delivery Application.Pharmaceutics · 2020Article
- Advanced modification of drug nanocrystals by using novel fabrication and downstream approaches for tailor-made drug delivery.Drug delivery · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundZotepine (ZTP), an antipsychotic drug is well tolerated and particularly effective for treating negative symptoms of psychosis. But is limited by low oral bioavailability caused by substantial first pass metabolism and thereby less amount of drug reaches the brain due to blood brain barrier (BBB).
objectivesSince ZTP displays dose dependent side effects, purpose of the contemporary study is to develop zotepine loaded nanosuspension (ZTP-NS) for increased brain targeting in rats at lower doses.
methodsZTP-NS is prepared by two techniques viz., sonoprecipitation (SP) and combination technique (high pressure homogenization preceded by precipitation) by employing various stabilizers. Optimized ZTP-NS was characterized for particle size, solid state, morphology and solubility. In vitro drug release of ZTP and formulations was conducted using Franz diffusion cell. Stability study was performed at different temperature conditions. Pharmacokinetic study was performed in Wistar rats to determine the bioavailability and brain distribution of ZTP after intra-nasal (IN) and intravenous (IV) administration. Histopathology of brain was done after repeated administration of IN ZTP dispersion and NS up to 14 days.
resultsThe optimized ZTP-NS formulated with Pluronic F-127 (0.3%w/v), Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose E15 (0.3%w/v) and soya lecithin (0.4%w/v) showed particle size of 519.26 ± 10.44 nm & 330.2 ± 12.90 nm and zeta potential of -21.7 ± 1.39 mV and - 18.26 ± 1.64 mV with sonoprecipitation and combination technique respectively. In vitro drug release was high (81.79 ± 3.23%) for ZTP-NS prepared by combination technique. Intranasal NS resulted in high brain concentrations of 8.6 fold (sonoprecipitation) and 10.79-fold hike in AUC
conclusionZTP-NS was successfully developed, characterized and found that nanosuspension is a favorable approach for intranasal delivery of zotepine. Graphical abstract Graphical abstract representing zotepine drawbacks, nanosuspension preparation, characterization and pharmacokinetic study in rats.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.