ReviewClinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico2020
Breast cancer and cytomegalovirus.
Review in Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Detection of Human CytomegalovirusThe journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society · 2026Article
- Shining a light on viral detection: a comparative study of electrochemical and electrochemiluminescence techniques for human cytomegalovirus.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2026Article
- The microbiome in cancer.iMeta · 2025Review
- A Potential Oncoprotective Role of Cytomegalovirus Against Breast Cancer: Worldwide Correlation and Survey of Evidence.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Cytokine levels in breast cancer are highly dependent on cytomegalovirus (CMV) status.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2024Article
- Breast cancer, viruses, and human leukocyte antigen (HLA).Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of human cytomegalovirus pathway genes in pan-cancer.Human genomics · 2024Article
- ScRNA-seq reveals novel immune-suppressive T cells and investigates CMV-TCR-T cells cytotoxicity against GBM.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Article
- Association of Human Papilloma Virus, Cytomegalovirus, and Epstein-Barr Virus with Breast Cancer in Jordanian Women.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Therapeutic bacteria and viruses to combat cancer: double-edged sword in cancer therapy: new insights for future.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- MicroRNA-142-3p chemo-sensitizing breast cancer to docetaxel: apoptosis and cell cycle arrest induction, and migration suppression.Veterinary research forum : an international quarterly journal · 2024Article
- Synthesis of 1-[ω-(Bromophenoxy)alkyl]-3-naphthalenylmethyl Derivatives of Uracil and Their Analogues As Probable Inhibitors of Human Cytomegalovirus Replication.Doklady. Biochemistry and biophysics · 2023Article
- Article
- Immunogenetic Profiles and Associations of Breast, Cervical, Ovarian, and Uterine Cancers.Cancer informatics · 2023Article
- Synthesis of 1-[ω-(Bromophenoxy)alkyl]-3-Naphthalenylmethyl Uracil Derivatives and Their Analogues as Probable Inhibitors of Human Cytomegalovirus Replication.Doklady. Biochemistry and biophysics · 2022Article
- Human Cytomegalovirus Seropositivity and Viral DNA in Breast Tumors Are Associated with Poor Patient Prognosis.Cancers · 2022Article
- Inflammatory Breast Cancer: The Secretome of HCMVFrontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Induction of Filopodia During Cytomegalovirus Entry Into Human Iris Stromal Cells.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Catching viral breast cancer.Infectious agents and cancer · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo determine whether cytomegalovirus is causally associated with breast cancer and whether cytomegalovirus should be categorised as an oncogenic virus.
methodsWe undertook a review of published epidemiological and laboratory studies, using established causal criteria: Bradford Hill criteria to determine whether cytomegalovirus is associated with breast cancer; and Evans/Mueller criteria to determine whether cytomegalovirus should be categorised as an oncogenic virus.
resultsAlthough there are inconsistencies in the findings of published epidemiological and laboratory studies, these may be explained by factors such as: differences in timing of blood samples, differences in selection of cases and controls, or high cytomegalovirus seroprevalence among participants in the epidemiological studies; and, in the laboratory studies, differences in sample preparations, age of sample, whether or not paired breast cancer and normal breast tissue samples were used, differences in the tests, primers and/or antibodies used, differences in histological types of breast cancer studied, and/or features of the virus.
conclusionsOverall, the results of published studies of cytomegalovirus and breast cancer suggest cytomegalovirus is a causal factor for at least some types of breast cancer. If the evidence for a link between cytomegalovirus and breast cancer continues to strengthen, further research could lead to: targeted screening; therapy using antiviral drugs; and, perhaps, primary prevention of a significant proportion of breast cancer. Vaccination against viruses has already been shown to be effective in preventing cervix and liver cancer; cytomegalovirus vaccines are already under development.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.