Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31252335›Full record

SynthesisSleep medicine reviews2019

Sleep and the extraction of hidden regularities: A systematic review and the importance of temporal rules.

Itamar Lerner, Mark A Gluck

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Sleep medicine reviews, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. The Emergence of New Schema Memory Requires Sleep.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Slow Oscillation-Spindle Coupling Predicts Sequence-Based Language Learning.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025
    Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Memory Reactivation during Sleep Does Not Act Holistically on Object Memory.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Rule Abstraction Is Facilitated by Auditory Cuing in REM Sleep.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2023
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Contributions of memory and brain development to the bioregulation of naps and nap transitions in early childhood.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Itamar LernerCenter for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, 197 University Avenue, Newark, NJ 07102, USA. Electronic address: itamar.lerner@gmail.com.
Mark A GluckCenter for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, 197 University Avenue, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.

Funding

REM SLEEP AND MEMORYR01MH060670 · NIMH · WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY · PI POE, GINA R · 2000 to 2023
$6.4M
Enhancing the Efficiency of Non-REM Sleep Temporal Dynamics to Improve Insight LearningR21MH119020 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI POE, GINA R · 2019 to 2020
$442k
NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH060670NIMH NIH HHS R21 MH119020
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

As part of its role in memory consolidation, sleep has been repeatedly identified as critical for the extraction of regularities from wake experiences. However, many null results have been published as well, with no clear consensus emerging regarding the conditions that yield this sleep effect. Here, we systematically review the role of sleep in the extraction of hidden regularities, specifically those involving associative relations embedded in newly learned information. We found that the specific behavioral task used in a study had far more impact on whether a sleep effect was discovered than either the category of the cognitive processes targeted, or the particular experimental design employed. One emerging pattern, however, was that the explicit detection of hidden rules is more likely to happen when the rules are of a temporal nature (i.e., event A at time t predicts a later event B) than when they are non-temporal. We discuss this temporal rule sensitivity in reference to the compressed memory replay occurring in the hippocampus during slow-wave-sleep, and compare this effect to what happens when the extraction of regularities depends on prior knowledge and relies on structures other than the hippocampus.

Indexed as

HumansLearningMemory ConsolidationSleepSleep, REMMemory consolidationNRTRegularities extractionREMRule learningSleepSRTTSWS

Identifiers

PMID31252335
PMCPMC6779511

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.