ArticleMicrobiome2019
Sewage effluent from an Indian hospital harbors novel carbapenemases and integron-borne antibiotic resistance genes.
Article in Microbiome, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 116 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hospital Wastewater as a Reservoir for Antibiotic Resistance Genes: A Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2020Pooled it
- Conserved protein sequence-structure signatures identify antibiotic resistance genes from the human microbiome.Microbiome · 2026Article
- Evolution and rise of antimicrobial resistance in key public health bacteria within and across the One Health sectors.Future microbiology · 2026Review
- Strategies and Recent Advances in Tackling Antibacterial Resistance in India: A Comprehensive Narrative Review.Cureus · 2025Review
- Genetic diversity, biochemical properties, epidemiology, and detection methods of IMP- and VIM-type carbapenemases.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Article
- Metagenomic insights into the urban-rural variation of antimicrobial resistance and pathogen reservoirs in untreated wastewater from central India.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Routine immunization againstThe Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2024Article
- Assessing antimicrobial resistance in pasture-based dairy farms: a 15-month surveillance study in New Zealand.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2024Article
- Emergence of Carbapenemase Genes in Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated from the Wastewater Treatment Plant in A Coruña, Spain.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Inter-plasmid transfer of antibiotic resistance genes accelerates antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens.The ISME journal · 2024Article
- Detection and Characterization of Carbapenemase-ProducingAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- ResFinderFG v2.0: a database of antibiotic resistance genes obtained by functional metagenomics.Nucleic acids research · 2023Article
- Antimicrobial Resistance and β-Lactamase Production in Clinically Significant Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated from Hospital and Municipal Wastewater.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Latent antibiotic resistance genes are abundant, diverse, and mobile in human, animal, and environmental microbiomes.Microbiome · 2023Article
- A new class A beta-lactamase gene blaScientific reports · 2023Article
- Community-integrated multi-omics facilitates screening and isolation of the organohalide dehalogenation microorganism.Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) · 2023Article
- Wastewater treatment plants, an "escape gate" for ESCAPE pathogens.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Emergence of the fourth mobile sulfonamide resistance geneFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- PRAWNS: compact pan-genomic features for whole-genome population genomics.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHospital wastewaters contain fecal material from a large number of individuals, of which many are undergoing antibiotic therapy. It is, thus, plausible that hospital wastewaters could provide opportunities to find novel carbapenemases and other resistance genes not yet described in clinical strains. Our aim was therefore to investigate the microbiota and antibiotic resistome of hospital effluent collected from the city of Mumbai, India, with a special focus on identifying novel carbapenemases.
resultsShotgun metagenomics revealed a total of 112 different mobile antibiotic resistance gene types, conferring resistance against almost all classes of antibiotics. Beta-lactamase genes, including encoding clinically important carbapenemases, such as NDM, VIM, IMP, KPC, and OXA-48, were abundant. NDM (0.9% relative abundance to 16S rRNA genes) was the most common carbapenemase gene, followed by OXA-58 (0.84% relative abundance to 16S rRNA genes). Among the investigated mobile genetic elements, class 1 integrons (11% relative abundance to 16S rRNA genes) were the most abundant. The genus Acinetobacter accounted for as many as 30% of the total 16S rRNA reads, with A. baumannii accounting for an estimated 2.5%. High throughput sequencing of amplified integron gene cassettes identified a novel functional variant of an IMP-type (proposed IMP-81) carbapenemase gene (eight aa substitutions) along with recently described novel resistance genes like sul4 and bla
conclusionBy exploring hospital wastewater from India, our understanding of the diversity of carbapenemases has been extended. The study also demonstrates that the microbiota of hospital wastewater can serve as a reservoir of novel resistance genes, including previously uncharacterized carbapenemases with the potential to spread further.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.