ReviewRMD open2019
Era of biosimilars in rheumatology: reshaping the healthcare environment.
Review in RMD open, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ranibizumab biosimilars vs. reference Ranibizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025Pooled it
- Korean treatment recommendations for patients with axial spondyloarthritis.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2023Guideline
- A Systematic Literature Review of Injection Site Pain Perception in Adult Patients Treated with Citrate-Free and Citrate-Containing Biologic Agents.Current rheumatology reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Systematic review of efficacy and meta-analysis of safety of ranibizumab biosimilars relative to reference ranibizumab anti-VEGF therapy for nAMD treatment.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2023Pooled it
- Trial
- Pharmacokinetic equivalence of CT-P17 to high-concentration (100 mg/ml) reference adalimumab: A randomized phase I study in healthy subjects.Clinical and translational science · 2021Trial
- Switching to Biosimilar SDZ-ADL in Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Active Rheumatoid Arthritis: 48-Week Efficacy, Safety and Immunogenicity Results From the Phase III, Randomized, Double-Blind ADMYRA Study.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2020Trial
- Biosimilars and reference biological medicines in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: a multicenter cross-sectional study in Catalonia, Spain.Clinical rheumatology · 2025Observational
- Switching from Adalimumab Reference Product to and Among Adalimumab Biosimilars Outside the USA: Insights for US Clinicians.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2025Review
- Innovative Formulation Strategies for Biosimilars: Trends Focused on Buffer-Free Systems, Safety, Regulatory Alignment, and Intellectual Property Challenges.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The impact of biosimilar use on healthcare utilization among new users of etanercept for inflammatory arthritis: a population-based regression discontinuity analysis.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2025Article
- Ensuring Sustainability in Pharmaceutical Care: A Retrospective Analysis of Administrative Databases on the Utilization, Costs, and Switching Patterns of Biological Therapies in the Agency for Health Protection of the Metropolitan Area of Milan.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Biosimilars: A Critical Review of Development, Regulatory Landscape, and Clinical Implications.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2025Review
- Safety outcomes in 2132 Danish patients with inflammatory arthritis treated with biosimilar infliximab (GP1111) in routine care.Therapeutic advances in musculoskeletal disease · 2025Article
- The potential for biosimilars to address unmet clinical need - Is the developed world missing out?Rheumatology and immunology research · 2024Article
- Diabetic macular edema (DME): dissecting pathogenesis, prognostication, diagnostic modalities along with current and futuristic therapeutic insights.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2024Review
- Outcomes following switching from etanercept originator to etanercept biosimilar in 1024 patients with RA: a matched-analysis of the BSRBR-RA.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- Clinical Efficacy of Biosimilar Switch of Adalimumab for Management of Uveitis.Ocular immunology and inflammation · 2024Article
- Counting the costs: a nationwide study on healthcare use following an adalimumab biosimilar switch in >1300 inflammatory arthritis patients.Therapeutic advances in musculoskeletal disease · 2024Article
- Budget impact analysis and treatment availability with biosimilar TNF inhibitors in rheumatic diseases in Poland: real-world evidence using a nationwide database.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 5 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Compared with the original approved biological drug on which it is based, a biosimilar has highly similar physicochemical characteristics and biological activity, as well as equivalent efficacy and no clinically meaningful differences in safety and immunogenicity. Before they are approved, biosimilars must undergo a rigorous development process using state-of-the-art technologies to establish biosimilarity to the reference biological product. After approval, biosimilars must comply with good pharmacological practices for biological drugs. Several biosimilar disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bsDMARDs) based on the tumour necrosis factor inhibitors adalimumab, etanercept and infliximab have been approved for use in patients with rheumatic diseases. Substantial cost savings can be made if biological-naive patients begin treatment with bsDMARDs, and patients receiving original biological DMARDs (bDMARDs) are switched to bsDMARDs. Despite the consistently similar efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of bsDMARDs relative to their respective original bDMARDs, switching from a reference bDMARD to a bsDMARD can result in nocebo responses, such as subjective increase of disease activity and pain-related adverse events. This may have a negative impact on adherence to bsDMARDs in clinical trials and clinical practice. To ensure optimal and rational integration of bsDMARDs into rheumatology practice and realise the full cost-saving efficacy of these drugs, rheumatologists must be aware that careful communication of the cost-saving efficacy and safety of bsDMARDs to their patients is the key to a successful long-term switch to bsDMARD therapy.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.