ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2019
A Review of Efficacy and Safety of Checkpoint Inhibitor for the Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Immune Checkpoints in Leukaemia as Gatekeepers of Immuno-Modulation.Immunology · 2026Review
- TIM-3 in AML: a janus-faced orchestrator of immune exhaustion and leukemic self-renewal.Cancer cell international · 2026Review
- Roles and potential applications of non-coding RNAs in cancer treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors and immunomodulatory therapies.Cancer drug resistance (Alhambra, Calif.) · 2026Review
- Article
- Advanced Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Biology, Immunotherapy, and Evolving Prognostic Factors.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Hotspots evolution and frontiers of immunotherapy for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia: A bibliometric analysis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- T-Cell Responses and T-Cell-Based Therapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.Current medical science · 2025Review
- Evolving Paradigms in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Personalized Approaches to Therapy Across Age and Risk Groups.Cancers · 2025Review
- The AML immune paradox: decoding escape pathways and pioneering checkpoint, vaccine, and combination strategies.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- The effect of TIGIT and PD1 expression on T cell function and prognosis in adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia at diagnosis.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- Checkpoint Inhibition Prior to Stem Cell Transplantation Increases the Risk of Inflammatory Adverse Events.Targeted oncology · 2025Article
- A review of common immunotherapy and nano immunotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Cytokine-induced killer cells: new insights for therapy of hematologic malignancies.Stem cell research & therapy · 2024Review
- Prognostic effect of CTLA4/LAG3 Expression by T-Cells Subsets on Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2024Article
- STING-activating cyclic dinucleotide-manganese nanoparticles evoke robust immunity against acute myeloid leukemia.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2024Article
- Single-cell transcriptomic profiling reveals immune cell heterogeneity in acute myeloid leukaemia peripheral blood mononuclear cells after chemotherapy.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2024Article
- Article
- The clinical regimens and cell membrane camouflaged nanodrug delivery systems in hematologic malignancies treatment.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Higher PD-1/Tim-3 expression on IFN-γ+ T cells is associated with poor prognosis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia.Cancer biology & therapy · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as positive modulators of immune response have revolutionized the treatment of cancer and have achieved impressive efficacy in melanoma and numerous solid tumor malignancies. These agents are being investigated in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) to further enhance response rate as induction therapy and to improve relapse-free survival (RFS) post chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation. PD-1 and CTLA-4 are the two most actively investigated checkpoint receptors, which play a role in different stages of anti-tumor immune response. This study reviews data from ongoing phase I, II clinical trials evaluating PD-1 and CTLA-4 inhibitors on AML patients and discusses especially efficacy and adverse events as well as prospects of these drugs in treating AML. Single anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody infusion shows rather modest clinical efficacy. While combinations of PD-1 inhibitor with hypomethylating agents (HMAs) represent encouraging outcome for relapsed/refractory (R/R) AML patients as well as for elderly patients as first-line therapy option. Adding PD-1 inhibitor to traditional induction therapy regimen is also safe and feasible. CTLA-4 inhibitor ipilimumab exhibits specific potency in treating relapsed AML patients with extramedullary disease in later post-transplantation stage. In terms of side effects, irAEs found in these trials can mostly be appropriately managed with steroids but are occasionally fatal. More rationally designed combinational therapies are under investigation in ongoing clinical trials and will further advance our understanding of checkpoint inhibitors as well as lead us to the most appropriate application of these agents.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.