ArticleInternational journal of epidemiology2019
The genetic interplay between body mass index, breast size and breast cancer risk: a Mendelian randomization analysis.
Article in International journal of epidemiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Shared genetic components between metabolic syndrome and schizophrenia: Genetic correlation using multipopulation data sets.Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2022Pooled it
- Systematic review of Mendelian randomization studies on risk of cancer.BMC medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Population genetic considerations for using biobanks as international resources in the pandemic era and beyond.BMC genomics · 2021Pooled it
- Adiposity and risk of breast cancer in 280 000 Chinese women: a prospective cohort study.International journal of epidemiology · 2026Observational
- Postoperative Outcomes After Breast Reduction: Do Racial Disparities Exist?Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Article
- Distinct genetic profiles of obesity have different effects on breast cancer risk: leveraging Mendelian randomisation to interrogate causal pathways and identify mediating proteins.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2026Article
- Integrated genetic and epigenetic analysis identifies that rs939408 affects non-smoking lung adenocarcinoma risk by modulating the DNA methylation of LRRC2.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- Roles of Gut Microbiota and Associated Metabolites inPolish journal of microbiology · 2025Article
- Effects of breast size on breast reconstruction in BRCA mutation carriers and genetic high-risk patients after bilateral mastectomy.Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan) · 2025Article
- Relationship between hearing impairment and dementia and cognitive function: a Mendelian randomization study.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2024Article
- Causal effect of gut microbiota on juvenile idiopathic arthritis: A two-sample Mendelian a randomization study.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2024Article
- Disentangling the relationships of body mass index and circulating sex hormone concentrations in mammographic density using Mendelian randomization.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2024Article
- Body mass index, waist circumference, and mortality in subjects older than 80 years: a Mendelian randomization study.European heart journal · 2024Article
- Obesity-Dependent Association of the rs10454142Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Genetically predicted the causal relationship between gut microbiota and the risk of polymyositis/dermatomyositis: a Mendelian randomization analysis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- The causal relationship between gut microbiota and lymphoma: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Causal association between gut microbiomes and different types of aneurysms: a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- ESTRO-ACROP guideline for positioning, immobilisation and setup verification for local and loco-regional photon breast cancer irradiation.Technical innovations & patient support in radiation oncology · 2023Article
- Quantification of Breast Volume According to age and BMI: A Three-Dimensional MRI Analysis of 400 Women.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
24 authors at 15 institutions in 9 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEvidence linking breast size to breast cancer risk has been inconsistent, and its interpretation is often hampered by confounding factors such as body mass index (BMI). Here, we used linkage disequilibrium score regression and two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to examine the genetic associations between BMI, breast size and breast cancer risk.
methodsSummary-level genotype data from 23andMe, Inc (breast size, n = 33 790), the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (breast cancer risk, n = 228 951) and the Genetic Investigation of ANthropometric Traits (BMI, n = 183 507) were used for our analyses. In assessing causal relationships, four complementary MR techniques [inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, weighted mode and MR-Egger regression] were used to test the robustness of the results.
resultsThe genetic correlation (rg) estimated between BMI and breast size was high (rg = 0.50, P = 3.89x10-43). All MR methods provided consistent evidence that higher genetically predicted BMI was associated with larger breast size [odds ratio (ORIVW): 2.06 (1.80-2.35), P = 1.38x10-26] and lower overall breast cancer risk [ORIVW: 0.81 (0.74-0.89), P = 9.44x10-6]. No evidence of a relationship between genetically predicted breast size and breast cancer risk was found except when using the weighted median and weighted mode methods, and only with oestrogen receptor (ER)-negative risk. There was no evidence of reverse causality in any of the analyses conducted (P > 0.050).
conclusionOur findings indicate a potential positive causal association between BMI and breast size and a potential negative causal association between BMI and breast cancer risk. We found no clear evidence for a direct relationship between breast size and breast cancer risk.
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