Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31243365›Full record

ArticleNature2019

Foot callus thickness does not trade off protection for tactile sensitivity during walking.

Nicholas B Holowka, Bert Wynands, Tina J Drechsel, Andrew K Yegian, Victoria A Tobolsky, Paul Okutoyi, Robert Mang'eni Ojiambo, Diresibachew W Haile, Timothy K Sigei, Claudio Zippenfennig and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Heel-strike mechanics reveal evolutionary trade-offs in hominin bipedalism.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
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  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
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  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Barefoot Running on Grass as a Potential Treatment for Plantar Fasciitis: A Prospective Case Series.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Nicholas B Holowka *Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Bert Wynands *Human Movement Science and Health, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Chemnitz, Germany.
Tina J DrechselHuman Movement Science and Health, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Chemnitz, Germany.
Andrew K YegianDepartment of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Victoria A TobolskyDepartment of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Paul OkutoyiDepartment of Orthopaedics, Moi University Medical School, Eldoret, Kenya.
Robert Mang'eni OjiamboDepartment of Physiology, Moi University Medical School, Eldoret, Kenya.
Diresibachew W HaileDepartment of Physiology, Moi University Medical School, Eldoret, Kenya.
Timothy K SigeiDepartment of Statistics and Computer Science, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya.
Claudio ZippenfennigHuman Movement Science and Health, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Chemnitz, Germany.
Thomas L MilaniHuman Movement Science and Health, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Chemnitz, Germany.
Daniel E LiebermanDepartment of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. danlieb@fas.harvard.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Until relatively recently, humans, similar to other animals, were habitually barefoot. Therefore, the soles of our feet were the only direct contact between the body and the ground when walking. There is indirect evidence that footwear such as sandals and moccasins were first invented within the past 40 thousand years

Indexed as

AdultBostonCallositiesFemaleFootFrictionHardnessHumansKenyaMaleMiddle AgedPainPhysical StimulationPressureShoesSkin Physiological Phenomena

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.