Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31242939›Full record

ArticleBMC complementary and alternative medicine2019

Microbial, phytochemical, toxicity analyses and antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant bacteria of some traditional remedies sold in Buea Southwest Cameroon.

Moses Njutain Ngemenya, Ghogo Gail Rinda Djeukem, Kennedy Dohjinga Nyongbela, Petuel Ndip Ndip Bate, Smith Borakaeyabe Babiaka, Elvis Monya, Rudolf Khundou Kanso

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.3field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Anti-onchocerca activity, toxicity and induced biochemical changes ofJournal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. In Vitro Antibacterial Potential against Multidrug-ResistantEvidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Moses Njutain NgemenyaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, South West Region, Cameroon. njutain.moses@ubuea.cm.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2322-5133
Ghogo Gail Rinda DjeukemDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, South West Region, Cameroon.
Kennedy Dohjinga NyongbelaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, South West Region, Cameroon.
Petuel Ndip Ndip BateDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, South West Region, Cameroon.
Smith Borakaeyabe BabiakaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, South West Region, Cameroon.
Elvis MonyaBiotechnology Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, South West Region, Cameroon.
Rudolf Khundou KansoDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, South West Region, Cameroon.
University of Buea · CM

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTraditional medicine remedies are commonly used for treatment of diverse ailments including bacterial infections. The activity against resistant bacteria and safety of some remedies sold as anti-infective treatments in market places in Buea, Southwest Cameroon were investigated as potential alternative treatment to counter increasing antibiotic resistance.

methodsTen remedies were purchased, their components documented and microbial load estimated. Methanol extracts of the remedies were tested for antibacterial activity by disc diffusion and microdilution. Cytotoxicity was evaluated on monkey kidney epithelial cells (LLC-MK2) while acute oral toxicity was done in BALB/c mice for the bactericidal extract. Extracts were further analysed using phytochemical tests.

resultsAll the remedies had microbial loads above the acceptable limit of 10

conclusionOnly four of the eight remedies tested showed activity against multidrug resistant bacteria suggesting some of these remedies may not be effective against bacterial infections. Production and handling methods should be improved and the product quality controlled to ensure biosecurity. The remedies which were both active and non-toxic should be further investigated including in vivo experiments to assess their efficacy.

Indexed as

AnimalsAnti-Bacterial AgentsBacteriaBacterial InfectionsCameroonDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialEscherichia coliFemaleHumansMedicine, TraditionalMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusMiceMice, Inbred BALB CMicrobial Sensitivity TestsPhytochemicalsPlant ExtractsAnti-Bacterial AgentsPhytochemicalsPlant ExtractsAntibacterialPhytochemistryResistanceToxicityTraditional medicine remedy

Identifiers

PMID31242939
PMCPMC6595550
OpenAlexW2955913768

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.