ArticleToxins2019
Exposure to the Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB) Toxin Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) Prolongs and Increases Severity of Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-Induced Colitis.
Article in Toxins, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of long-term cyanotoxin exposure on cattle: Biochemical, histological, and oxidative stress assessment.Veterinary world · 2025Article
- Aerosolized Harmful Algal Bloom Toxin Microcystin-LR Induces Type 1/Type 17 Inflammation of Murine Airways.Toxins · 2024Article
- Farming Activities and Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A French Nationwide Population-based Cohort Study.Journal of Crohn's & colitis · 2024Article
- Article
- Fabrication of the Rapid Self-Assembly Hydrogels Loaded with Luteolin: Their Structural Characteristics and Protection Effect on Ulcerative Colitis.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- A Case Series of Potential Pediatric Cyanotoxin Exposures Associated with Harmful Algal Blooms in Northwest Ohio.Infectious disease reports · 2023Article
- Article
- Microcystin-LR Induces and Aggravates Colitis through NLRP3 Inflammasome-Mediated Pyroptosis in Mice.Toxins · 2023Article
- Article
- As We Drink and Breathe: Adverse Health Effects of Microcystins and Other Harmful Algal Bloom Toxins in the Liver, Gut, Lungs and Beyond.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Microcystin-LR incorporated into colonic cells through probenecid-sensitive transporters leads to upregulated MCP-1 expression induced by JNK activation.Toxicology reports · 2022Article
- Toward Revealing Microcystin Distribution in Mouse Liver Tissue Using MALDI-MS Imaging.Toxins · 2021Article
- Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) Triggers Inflammatory Responses in Macrophages.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- CyanobacteriaToxins · 2021Article
- Article
- Harmful Algal Bloom Toxicity inToxins · 2020Article
- CD40 Receptor Knockout Protects against Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) Prolongation and Exacerbation of Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-Induced Colitis.Biomedicines · 2020Article
- Synergistic Effect of MC-LR and C-Terminal Truncated HBx on HepG2 Cells and Their Effects on PP2A Mediated Downstream Target of MAPK Signaling Pathway.Frontiers in genetics · 2020Article
- Article
- Effects of Microcystin-LR on the Microstructure and Inflammation-Related Factors of Jejunum in Mice.Toxins · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) represents a collection of gastrointestinal disorders resulting from genetic and environmental factors. Microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) is a toxin produced by cyanobacteria during algal blooms and demonstrates bioaccumulation in the intestinal tract following ingestion. Little is known about the impact of MC-LR ingestion in individuals with IBD. In this study, we sought to investigate MC-LR's effects in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model. Mice were separated into four groups: (a) water only (control), (b) DSS followed by water (DSS), (c) water followed by MC-LR (MC-LR), and (d) DSS followed by MC-LR (DSS + MC-LR). DSS resulted in weight loss, splenomegaly, and severe colitis marked by transmural acute inflammation, ulceration, shortened colon length, and bloody stools. DSS + MC-LR mice experienced prolonged weight loss and bloody stools, increased ulceration of colonic mucosa, and shorter colon length as compared with DSS mice. DSS + MC-LR also resulted in greater increases in pro-inflammatory transcripts within colonic tissue (TNF-α, IL-1β, CD40, MCP-1) and the pro-fibrotic marker, PAI-1, as compared to DSS-only ingestion. These findings demonstrate that MC-LR exposure not only prolongs, but also worsens the severity of pre-existing colitis, strengthening evidence of MC-LR as an under-recognized environmental toxin in vulnerable populations, such as those with IBD.
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Registered trials
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