ArticleInternational psychogeriatrics2019
Association between environmental stimulation and apathy in nursing home residents with dementia.
Article in International psychogeriatrics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dyadic interactions and physical and social environment in dementia mealtime care: a systematic review of instruments.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2021Pooled it
- Response Facilitation in Dementia Care: Exploring Engagement Through Social Contexts: A Qualitative Study in Dutch Nursing Homes.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Antidepressant medications in dementia: evidence and potential mechanisms of treatment-resistance.Psychological medicine · 2023Review
- Case Report: Treatment of Delusions of Theft Based on the Assessment of Photos of Patients' Homes.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesPrior research and theories established the link between care environments and apathy. Yet, empirical evidence on how environmental stimulation impacts apathy is lacking. This study examined the association between environmental stimulation and apathy in nursing home residents with dementia.
designThis repeated-measure study analyzed 104 video observations of staff caregiver-resident interactions.
setting12 nursing homes.
participants63 unique staff caregiver-resident dyads that involved 42 caregivers and 44 residents with moderate to severe dementia. MEASUREMENTS: Second-by-second behavioral coding using Noldus Observer software was conducted to assess apathy and environmental stimulation, using the Person-Environment Apathy Rating scale. The environment subscale includes six items: stimulation clarity, stimulation strength, stimulation specificity, interaction involvement, physical accessibility, and environmental feedback. The apathy subscale includes six items: facial expression, eye contact, physical engagement, purposeful activity, verbal tone, and verbal expression. Multilevel linear models were used for analysis.
resultsResults showed that apathy was not associated with the overall quality of environmental stimulation but was significantly associated with stimulation specificity (coefficient = -2.23, p = 0.049). However, the association was not significant after controlling for resident characteristics (p = 0.082). In addition, higher levels of environmental feedback were associated with lower apathy levels (coefficient = -2.14, p = 0.001). The association remained significant after controlling for resident characteristics (coefficient = -1.65, p = 0.014).
conclusionFindings reveal that when environmental stimulation is individually tailored and prompts engagement, residents are less apathetic. This study highlights the effect of environmental stimulation on apathy. Future research should explore interventions that modify environmental stimulation to reduce apathy and improve dementia care.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.