ArticleEuropean journal of nutrition2020
Association between grains, gluten and the risk of colorectal cancer in the Cancer Prevention Study-II Nutrition Cohort.
Article in European journal of nutrition, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Whole Grains, Refined Grains, and Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review of Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- Association of whole grains intake and the risk of digestive tract cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Nutrition journal · 2020Pooled it
- Whole Grains Perspective: Porridge or Popcorn.The Journal of nutrition · 2026Review
- Interactions Between Plant Proteins and Gut Microbiota as Determinants of Intestinal Health.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Global burden and projection of colorectal cancer attributable to low whole-grain diets: an analysis of GBD 2021 data with Bayesian age-period-cohort modeling.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Estimating effects of whole grain consumption on type 2 diabetes, colorectal cancer and cardiovascular disease: a burden of proof study.Nutrition journal · 2024Article
- The link between gluten intake and the risk of cancers.Gastroenterology and hepatology from bed to bench · 2024Review
- Plant-based dietary patterns, genetic predisposition and risk of colorectal cancer: a prospective study from the UK Biobank.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Article
- Gluten Intake and Risk of Digestive System Cancers in 3 Large Prospective Cohort Studies.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2022Article
- Healthy and unhealthy plant-based diets in relation to the incidence of colorectal cancer overall and by molecular subtypes.Clinical and translational medicine · 2022Article
- The Impact of Whole Grain Intake on Gastrointestinal Tumors: A Focus on Colorectal, Gastric, and Esophageal Cancers.Nutrients · 2020Review
- Effects of prebiotic dietary fibers and probiotics on human health: With special focus on recent advancement in their encapsulated formulations.Trends in food science & technology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeEvidence supports a role of whole grains in colorectal cancer (CRC) prevention, but the association between gluten intake and CRC risk in healthy populations is unclear. We examined the association of grain and gluten intake with risk of CRC overall and by subsite among Cancer Prevention Study-II Nutrition Cohort participants.
methodsIn 1999, 50,118 men and 62,031 women completed food frequency questionnaires assessing grain intake. Gluten intake was estimated using the protein content of grain products. Multivariable-adjusted hazards ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of CRC risk were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression.
resultsDuring follow-up through 2013, 1742 verified CRC cases occurred. For the highest vs. lowest quintiles of whole grain intake, HRs (95% CIs) of CRC risk were 0.77 (0.61-0.97; P trend = 0.03) among men and 1.10 (95% CI 0.88-1.36; P trend = 0.14) among women (P interaction by sex = 0.01). Men in the highest vs. lowest quintile of whole grain intake had a 43% lower risk of rectal cancer (HR = 0.57, 95% CI 0.35-0.93, P trend = 0.04). Gluten intake was not associated with CRC risk overall (HR = 1.10, 95% CI 0.93-1.32, P trend = 0.10), but was associated with risk of proximal colon cancer among men and women, combined (HR = 1.37, 95% CI 1.07-1.75, quintile 5 vs. 1, P trend = 0.001) and separately. Refined grains and grain-based sweets were not associated with CRC risk.
conclusionsWe found that higher whole grain intake was associated with lower CRC risk among older US men, but not women. The positive association of gluten intake with the risk of proximal colon cancer deserves further study.
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