ArticleBioMed research international2019
PPIA, HPRT1, and YWHAZ Genes Are Suitable for Normalization of mRNA Expression in Long-Term Expanded Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells.
Article in BioMed research international, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Validation of Optimal Reference Genes for qRT-PCR in Adipose- and Uterine-Derived Feline Mesenchymal Stem Cells.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- A Modular Bioinstructive Platform Reveals Mechanistic Insights into Additive-Free, Topography-Driven Osteogenesis.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Validation of Housekeeping Genes for Normalizing RNA Expression in Real-Time PCR in Tuberculomas and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells for Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Stem cell modelling of osteoarthritis using an organ-on-a-chip approach.Inflammation and regeneration · 2025Article
- Selection of Stable Reference Genes for Gene Expression Studies in Activated and Non-Activated PBMCs Under Normoxic and Hypoxic Conditions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Identification of Reference Gene for Quantitative Gene Expression in Early-Term and Late-Term Cultured Canine Fibroblasts Derived from Ear Skin.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Evaluation of Reference Gene Stability in Goat Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cells during Proliferation and Differentiation Phases.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- RPLP0/TBP are the most stable reference genes for human dental pulp stem cells under osteogenic differentiation.World journal of stem cells · 2024Article
- Insensitive Effects of Inflammatory Cytokines on the Reference Genes of Synovial Fluid Resident-Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- YWHAZ and TBP are potential reference gene candidates for qPCR analysis of response to radiation therapy in colorectal cancer.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Identification of Optimal Reference Genes for qRT-PCR Normalization for Physical Activity Intervention and Omega-3 Fatty Acids Supplementation in Humans.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
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- Screening and validation of reference genes for qRT-PCR of bovine skeletal muscle-derived satellite cells.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Comparative Analysis of Dental Pulp and Periodontal Stem Cells: Differences in Morphology, Functionality, Osteogenic Differentiation and Proteome.Biomedicines · 2021Article
- IFN-BioMed research international · 2021Article
- Stable Reference Genes for qPCR Analysis in BM-MSCs Undergoing Osteogenic Differentiation within 3D Hyaluronan-Based Hydrogels.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- TATA box binding protein and ribosomal protein 4 are suitable reference genes for normalization during quantitative polymerase chain reaction study in bovine mesenchymal stem cells.Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences · 2020Article
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- Evaluation of reference genes for quantitative real-time PCR in Wharton's Jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells after lentiviral transduction and differentiation.Molecular biology reports · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Long-term expansion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) under defined culture conditions is necessary in human stem cell therapy. However, it alters the characteristics of MSCs. Since quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) is widely used as one of the key analytical methods for comparative characterization, the validation of reference genes (RGs) for normalization under each experimental condition is important to achieve reliable qRT-PCR results. Therefore, the most stable RGs for long-term expanded bone marrow- and umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs and UCB-MSCs) under defined culture conditions for up to 20 passages were evaluated. The more apparent alterations in characteristics such as differentiation capacity, proliferation, senescence, and the expression of RGs were noted in BM-MSCs than UCB-MSCs during long-term expansion. The RG validation programs (GeNorm and NormFinder) suggested that PPIA, HPRT1, and YWHAZ were suitable for normalization in qRT-PCR regardless of MSC types and long-term culture expansion, and the traditional RGs (ACTB and GAPDH) were less stable in long-term expanded MSCs. In addition, the use of these RGs for normalization of OCT4 expression in long-term expanded BM-MSCs showed that a less stable RG (GAPDH) showed contrasting data compared to other RGs. Therefore, the use of RGs such as PPIA, HPRT1, and YWHAZ for normalization in qRT-PCR experiments is highly recommended for long-term expanded MSCs to generate accurate and reliable data.
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