ReviewAcademic forensic pathology2018
Histology of Brain Trauma and Hypoxia-Ischemia.
Review in Academic forensic pathology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Serum Endocan as a Novel Biomarker of Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in a Rat Model.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Early axonal injury in fentanyl intoxication.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2026Article
- Remediation of hypoxia induced brain alteration with pyrimidine treatment in the freshwater catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis.Fish physiology and biochemistry · 2025Article
- Perls' Prussian blue staining and chemistry of Prussian blue and Turnbull blue.Forensic science international. Synergy · 2025Review
- Histological and Immunohistochemical Analysis of the Mouse Brain Following Traumatic Brain Injury: Identification of Therapeutic Targets and Establishment of Treatment Windows.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Comparison of background characteristics and neuropathology findings between medico-legal autopsy cases with traumatic axonal injury, vascular axonal injury, or absence of axonal injury in β-amyloid precursor protein stain.International journal of legal medicine · 2025Article
- Incidence and mortality related risk factors in patients with severe traumatic brain injury: A meta‑analysis.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2025Article
- Vimentin and p53 Immunoreactivity in Cases of Traumatic Brain Injury.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Article
- The Role of Autopsy in the Forensic and Clinical Evaluation of Head Trauma and Traumatic Brain Injury in Road Traffic Accidents: A Review of the Literature.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Translational approach to assess brain injury after cardiac arrest in preclinical models: a narrative review.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2025Review
- Review
- Effects of Prolactin on Brain Neurons under Hypoxia.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The effect ofSurgical neurology international · 2024Article
- Bringing pathology to nanomedicine: a comparison of in vivo toxicity of polymeric nanoparticle carriers with and without chitosan coating.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2023Article
- Did early studies of human traumatic brain injury overlook concomitant oligodendrocyte pathology in injured white matter tracts? A comment on "Detection and verification of neurodegeneration after traumatic brain injury in the mouse: Immunohistochemical staining for amyloid precursor protein".Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Glial Populations in the Human Brain Following Ischemic Injury.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Severe CTE and TDP-43 pathology in a former professional soccer player with dementia: a clinicopathological case report and review of the literature.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2023Review
- Effect of flow change on brain injury during an experimental model of differential hypoxaemia in cardiogenic shock supported by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Ballooned neurons in semi-recent severe traumatic brain injury.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Forensic pathologists encounter hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain damage or traumatic brain injuries (TBI) on an almost daily basis. Evaluation of the findings guides decisions regarding cause and manner of death. When there are gross findings of brain trauma, the cause of death is often obvious. However, microscopic evaluation should be used to augment the macroscopic diagnoses. Histology can be used to seek evidence for TBI in the absence of gross findings, e.g., in the context of reported or suspected TBI. Estimating the survival interval after an insult is often of medicolegal interest; this requires targeted tissue sampling and careful histologic evaluation. Retained tissue blocks serve as forensic evidence and also provide invaluable teaching and research material. In certain contexts, histology can be used to demonstrate nontraumatic causes of seemingly traumatic lesions. Macroscopic and histologic findings of brain trauma can be confounded by concomitant HI brain injury when an individual survives temporarily after TBI. Here we review the histologic approaches for evaluating TBI, hemorrhage, and HI brain injury. Amyloid precursor protein (APP) immunohistochemistry is helpful for identifying damaged axons, but patterns of damage cannot unambiguously distinguish TBI from HI. The evolution of hemorrhagic lesions will be discussed in detail; however, timing of any lesion is at best approximate. It is important to recognize artifactual changes (e.g., dark neurons) that can resemble HI damage. Despite the shortcomings, histology is a critical adjunct to the gross examination of brains.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.