ReviewAcademic forensic pathology2016
Are There Hallmarks of Child Abuse? I. Osseous Injuries.
Review in Academic forensic pathology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Imaging of pediatric musculoskeletal trauma: Age-specific considerations and challenges.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2026Review
- Case report: A systematic approach for the forensic evaluation of child abuse: lessons from a complex case.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- [Red flags for child abuse : Pediatric radiological and forensic aspects].Radiologie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2024Review
- An interdisciplinary forensic approach in a mummified child with evidence of abuse and neglect.Forensic sciences research · 2024Article
- Management of pediatric ankle fractures: comparison of biodegradable PLGA implants with traditional metal screws.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Child Abuse, Misdiagnosed by an Expertise Center-Part II-Misuse of Bayes' Theorem.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Predictors of Physical Abuse in Elder Patients With Fracture.Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews · 2022Article
- Brief Review on Metabolic Bone Disease.Academic forensic pathology · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedErrata.2017
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Fractures are commonly found in cases regarded as child abuse. The most commonly encountered fractures are to the ribs and the metaphyses. This paper examines the specificity of the classical metaphyseal lesion (CML) and rib fractures as hallmarks of child abuse. Recently, vitamin D deficiency (rickets) has been proposed as an alternative cause for the appearances typically described in CML. The literature in this area is examined. Rib fractures have also been highly associated with child abuse, particularly posterior rib fractures. As well as metabolic bone disease, resuscitation has been examined as a cause of rib fractures in young children. The current literature remains strongly supportive of rib fractures and metaphyseal fractures being indicators of child abuse.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.