ArticleJournal of adolescence2019
Structural stigma and sexual orientation-related reproductive health disparities in a longitudinal cohort study of female adolescents.
Article in Journal of adolescence, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of Multi-Level LGBTQ+ Stigma and Hypervigilance With Health Outcomes Among LGBTQ+ Cancer Caregivers.Psycho-oncology · 2026Article
- Associations between structural stigma and earlier pubertal timing persist for 1 year among Black girls and Latinx youth.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Variation Between LGBT Estimates and State Policy Context.Population research and policy review · 2025Article
- Beyond stigma: Clinician bias in contraceptive counseling to sexual and gender minority youth.Contraception · 2025Article
- Sexual Orientation-Specific Policies Are Associated With Prenatal Care Use in the First Trimester Among Sexual Minority Women: Results From a Prospective Cohort Study.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2024Article
- The EMeRGE theory of emerging adult-aged women's sexual and reproductive health self-management: A grounded theory study.Journal of advanced nursing · 2024Article
- The Moderating Role of Sexual Orientation in the Association Between Religiosity and Sexual Behaviors Among College Students.Archives of sexual behavior · 2024Article
- Assessing Variations in Sexual Orientation- and Gender Identity-Related U.S. State Laws for Sexual and Gender Minority Health Research and Action, 1996-2016.LGBT health · 2022Article
- Structural Heteropatriarchy and Birth Outcomes in the United States.Demography · 2022Article
- Sexual Health of Rural and Urban Young Male Couples in the United States: Differences in HIV Testing, Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Use, and Condom Use.AIDS and behavior · 2021Article
- Maternal Comfort with Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual People and Their Children's Drinking, Smoking, and Disordered Weight Control Behaviors as Adults.LGBT health · 2020Article
- Innovation and Integration of Sexuality in Family Life Education.Family relations · 2020Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionSexual minority female adolescents have worse reproductive health than heterosexual peers; research into the origins of these disparities is limited. Our objective was to examine whether exposure to structural stigma (e.g., societal-level conditions, cultural norms, institutional policies/practices that constrain the lives of the stigmatized) is associated with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and teen pregnancy in sexual minority female adolescents.
methodsLongitudinal data were utilized from 6581 female adolescents aged 9-14 years at baseline (1996) in the U.S.-based Growing Up Today Study and followed through 2007. We used a previously-validated structural stigma scale composed of four state-level items (e.g., employment non-discrimination policies) with one item added relevant to reproductive health. Risk ratios were generated from multivariate models.
resultsSexual minority female adolescents were significantly more likely than heterosexual peers to have an STI diagnosis and teen pregnancy. Sexual minority female adolescents living in states with lower, compared to higher, levels of structural stigma were significantly less likely to have an STI diagnosis, after adjustment for individual- and state-level covariates (relative risk [RR] = 0.70, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.51, 0.97). In contrast, among completely heterosexual adolescents, structural stigma was not associated with STI diagnosis. Teen pregnancy risk-a rare outcome-did not vary by level of structural stigma for sexual minority or heterosexual adolescents.
conclusionsStructural stigma is a potential risk factor for adverse reproductive health among sexual minority female adolescents. Changing laws and policies to be inclusive of all people, regardless of sexual orientation, can help alleviate entrenched reproductive health disparities.
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