ArticleHistopathology2019
The immune microenvironment and expression of PD-L1, PD-1, PRAME and MHC I in salivary duct carcinoma.
Article in Histopathology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guideline
- Prognostic role of PD-L1 expression in patients with salivary gland carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- Prognostic value of PD-1, PD-L1 and PD-L2 deserves attention in head and neck cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Exploration of potential biomarkers in salivary duct carcinoma based on bioinformatics analysis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Therapeutic Opportunities in Melanoma Through PRAME Expression.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Relationship Between Short-Term Outcomes and PD-L1 Expression Based on Combined Positive Score and Tumor Proportion Score in Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Cancers Treated With Anti-PD-1 Antibody Monotherapy.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Targeted Therapy in Salivary Gland Cancer: Prevalence of a Selected Panel of Actionable Molecular Alterations in a German Tertiary Referral Center Patient Cohort.Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2025Article
- The clinicopathological and prognostic significance of autonomic nerves in salivary duct carcinoma.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2024Article
- Molecular Aspects of Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma and Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Salivary Gland.Head and neck pathology · 2024Review
- Exploring Immunological Effects and Novel Immune Adjuvants in Immunotherapy for Salivary Gland Cancers.Cancers · 2024Review
- Pathogenesis Analysis of Salivary Gland Tumors Through the Expression of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1).Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India · 2023Article
- The Predictive Value of CD3+/CD8+ Lymphocyte Infiltration and PD-L1 Expression in Colorectal Cancer.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2023Article
- Prognostic value and clinicopathological roles of the tumor immune microenvironment in salivary duct carcinoma.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2023Article
- Loss of CDKN2A/B is a Molecular Marker of High-grade Histology and is Associated with Aggressive Behavior in Acinic Cell Carcinoma.Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc · 2023Article
- PD-1 and PD-L1 expression in rare lung tumors.Pathology oncology research : POR · 2023Article
- Methylation related genes are associated with prognosis of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma via altering tumor immune microenvironment.Journal of dental sciences · 2023Article
- Mutually Exclusive Expression of COL11A1 by CAFs and Tumour Cells in a Large panCancer and a Salivary Gland Carcinoma Cohort.Head and neck pathology · 2022Article
- Glutamine is essential for overcoming the immunosuppressive microenvironment in malignant salivary gland tumors.Theranostics · 2022Article
- Role and Clinical Utility of Cancer/Testis Antigens in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Cancers · 2021Review
- The Periphery of Salivary Gland Carcinoma Tumors Reveals a PD-L1/PD-1 Biomarker Niche for the Evaluation of Disease Severity and Tumor-Immune System Interplay.Biomedicines · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
aimsSalivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is an aggressive salivary malignancy that results in high mortality rates and is often resistant to chemotherapy. Anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) checkpoint inhibitors have led to dramatic improvements in patients with various cancers. Other immunotherapeutic approaches, e.g. cancer vaccines, have shown promising results. Cancer testis antigens, e.g. preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME), are regarded as promising vaccine targets because of their tumour-specific expression pattern. METHODS AND
resultsWe analysed the immunoexpression of PD-L1, PD-1, major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) and PRAME in 53 SDCs. The immunoexpression levels of PD-L1 in tumour cells (TCs) and immune cells (ICs), PD-1 in ICs, PRAME in TCs and MHC I in TCs were analysed, and were correlated with outcome. PRAME expression was seen in 83% of SDCs. No PRAME staining was present in normal salivary gland tissue. With the three established diagnostic algorithms proposed for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, the criteria being a combined positive score of ≥1, TC% ≥1%, and TC% ≥25%, 35 (66%), 17 (32%) and three cases (6%), respectively, were deemed to be positive for PD-L1. PD-1-positive ICs were seen in 35 (66%) cases. MHC I down-regulation was seen in 82% of SDCs. There was a significant correlation among PD-L1 expression in ICs, PD-1 expression in ICs, and PRAME expression in TCs. PD-L1 expression in TCs and lack of PD-1 expression in ICs were associated with decreased disease-specific survival in SDC patients.
conclusionsAlterations of the tumour immune microenvironment are common in SDCs, including expression of PD-1/PD-L1 and PRAME, which opens the way to potential novel immune therapies, such as cancer vaccination and PD-1/PD-L1 blockade, in these tumours.
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