SynthesisAnnals of neurology2019
Smoking and stroke: A mendelian randomization study.
Synthesis in Annals of neurology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 135 citations in OpenAlex.
- Does illicit drug use increase stroke risk? A systematic review, meta-analyses, and Mendelian randomization analysis.International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society · 2026Pooled it
- Mendelian randomization studies on ischemic stroke: a field synopsis and systematic review.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Mendelian randomization studies of lifestyle-related risk factors for stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Pooled it
- Mendelian randomization study of thyroid function and anti-Müllerian hormone levels.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- Cerebral small vessel disease genomics and its implications across the lifespan.Nature communications · 2020Pooled it
- Smoking influences outcome in patients who had thrombolysed ischaemic stroke: the ENCHANTED study.Stroke and vascular neurology · 2021Trial
- Longitudinal effects of smoking cessation on carotid artery atherosclerosis in contemporary smokers: The Wisconsin Smokers Health Study.Atherosclerosis · 2020Trial
- Differential impact of smoking on intracerebral haemorrhage based on cerebral microbleed status: a case-control study.BMJ open · 2026Observational
- Unravelling the genetic architecture of cerebral small vessel disease in the context of stroke.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2026Review
- Article
- Curcumin reduces neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in a stroke model by epigenetically regulating ADRB2 methylation through JAK2/STAT3 and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Epidemiological and Clinical Profile of Acute Stroke in Young Adults from a Tertiary Stroke Center in Abu Dhabi-A Retrospective Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- When Stroke Strikes Early: Unusual Causes of Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Young Adults.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Validation and Refinement of Scores to Predict Stroke Risk: Prospective Cohort Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2025Article
- Interplay of Acquired Risk Factors, Age, and Genetic Predisposition in Incident Stroke: A Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Stroke Mortality Risk Factors: Global Trends and Regional Variations (1990-2021).Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- ABO exon polymorphisms are related to ischemic stroke in a Chinese Han population.BMC medical genomics · 2025Article
- Stroke attributed to kidney dysfunction from 1990 to 2021 and the prediction for 2040: an analysis of national data in China based on the Global Burden of Disease 2021 database.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Relationship between tobacco smoking and metabolic syndrome: a Mendelian randomization analysis.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Article
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
We used the Mendelian randomization design to explore the potential causal association of smoking with ischemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage using summary statistics data for 34,217 ischemic stroke cases and 404,630 noncases, and 1,545 cases of intracerebral hemorrhage and 1,481 noncases. Genetic predisposition to smoking initiation (ever smoking regularly), based on up to 372 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, was statistically significantly positively associated with any ischemic stroke, large artery stroke, and small vessel stroke but not cardioembolic stroke or intracerebral hemorrhage. This study provides genetic support for a causal association of smoking with ischemic stroke, particularly large artery and small vessel stroke. ANN NEUROL 2019;86:468-471.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.