ReviewMedicine2019
Pneumonitis and concomitant bacterial pneumonia in patients receiving pembrolizumab treatment: Three case reports and literature review.
Review in Medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Case report: tigecycline-induced procalcitonin elevation.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Evaluating the Benefits of TACE Combined with Lenvatinib Plus PD-1 Inhibitor for Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus.Advances in therapy · 2023Article
- Immunotherapy toxicity: identification and management.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2022Review
- Progressive Pulmonary Infiltrates in a Man with Mediastinal Lymphoma.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2021Article
- Severe Immune-Related Pneumonitis With PD-1 Inhibitor After Progression on Previous PD-L1 Inhibitor in Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.Frontiers in oncology · 2019Article
- Lethal Immune-Related Pneumonitis after Durvalumab Therapy for Small Cell Lung Cancer: A First Case in China.Case reports in oncologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
rationalePembrolizumab, a monoclonal antibody against the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) protein, can induce a stable regression of some malignancies refractory to conventional chemotherapy. Despite such therapeutic benefits, pembrolizumab can induce immune-related adverse events, with pneumonitis being the most critical problem. PATIENT CONCERNS: All 3 patients complained of fever, cough, and dyspnea after a variable time interval (1-21 days) from pembrolizumab treatment. DIAGNOSES: Chest computed tomography invariably showed ground glass opacity. All tests for possible infectious agents were negative. Based on high procalcitonin level, one of 3 patients was diagnosed to have accompanying bacterial pneumonia.
interventionsAll patients received antibiotics and steroid treatments (methylprednisolone, 1 mg/kg). OUTCOMES: The 3 patients showed different clinical courses ranging from mild pneumonitis to rapidly progressing respiratory failure. Among the 3 patients, 2 fully recovered with steroid treatment; 1 died from superimposed bacterial pneumonia. LESSONS: The prognosis of pembrolizumab-induced pneumonitis with a superimposed bacterial pneumonia would be poor. It is important to distinguish pure pneumonitis from that with a superimposed bacterial pneumonia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.