Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31231642›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology2019

Perspectives on Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) and the Cyberbiosecurity of Freshwater Systems.

David G Schmale, Andrew P Ault, Walid Saad, Durelle T Scott, Judy A Westrick

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
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  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
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  10. Wind Dispersal of Natural and Biomimetic Maple Samaras.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021
    Article
  11. Review
  12. PeerJ · 2021
    Article
  13. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

David G SchmaleSchool of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States.
Andrew P AultDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
Walid SaadBradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States.
Durelle T ScottDepartment of Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States.
Judy A WestrickLumigen Instrumentation Center, Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States.

Funding

Pilot Project ProgramP30ES020957 · NIEHS · WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY · PI RUDEN, DOUGLAS M · 2014 to 2021
$10.1M
NIEHS NIH HHS P30 ES020957
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) have been observed in all 50 states in the U.S., ranging from large freshwater lakes, such as the Great Lakes, to smaller inland lakes, rivers, and reservoirs, as well as marine coastal areas and estuaries. In 2014, a HAB on Lake Erie containing microcystin (a liver toxin) contaminated the municipal water supply in Toledo, Ohio, providing non-potable water to 400,000 people. Studying HABs is complicated as different cyanobacteria produce a range of toxins that impact human health, such as microcystins, saxitoxin, anatoxin-a, and cylindrospermopsin. HABs may be increasing in prevalence with rising temperatures and higher nutrient runoff. Consequently, new tools and technology are needed to rapidly detect, characterize, and respond to HABs that threaten our water security. A framework is needed to understand cyber threats to new and existing technologies that monitor and forecast our water quality. To properly detect, assess, and mitigate security threats on water infrastructure, it is necessary to envision water security from the perspective of a cyber-physical system (CPS). In doing so, we can evaluate risks and research needs for cyber-attacks on HAB-monitoring networks including data injection attacks, automated system hijacking attacks, node forgery attacks, and attacks on learning algorithms. Herein, we provide perspectives on the research needed to understand both the threats posed by HABs and the coupled cyber threats to water security in the context of HABs.

Indexed as

algaecyanobacteriacybersecuritydroneharmful algal bloomtoxinwater security

Identifiers

PMID31231642
PMCPMC6558221

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.