ArticleOncotarget2019
Immunomodulatory and immunotherapeutic implications of tobacco smoking in squamous cell carcinomas and normal airway epithelium.
Article in Oncotarget, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07216209 (Exercise and the Lung Cancer Tumor Microenvironment), which is not on this map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Exercise and the Lung Cancer Tumor Microenvironment
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Total body irradiation and smoking interact to increase lung cancer risk after blood or marrow transplantation.Blood advances · 2026Article
- Real-World Outcomes of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Analyzing Patient-Specific Factors Influencing Survival and Response Rate.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Clinical-genomic determinants of immune checkpoint blockade response in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2023Article
- Immunoprofiling bronchoalveolar lavage cells reveals multifaceted smoking-associated immune dysfunction.ERJ open research · 2023Article
- Leukoplakia and Immunology: New Chemoprevention Landscapes?International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Article
- "High Treg" Inflammations Promote (Most) Non-Hematologic Cancers While "Low Treg" Inflammations Promote Lymphoid Cancers.Journal of inflammation research · 2020Article
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer: common pathways for pathogenesis.Journal of thoracic disease · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The mutagenic effects of tobacco smoking increase the risk of the development of cancers of the lung, head and neck, and other anatomic sites. In a comparison of squamous cell carcinomas of the lung and the head and neck, we find that the immunomodulatory effects of smoking differ based on anatomic site. In both sites, the mutational signature of smoking is strongly associated with somatic mutational load. In head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, the mutational signature of tobacco exposure is associated with a strongly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In contrast, in lung squamous cell carcinoma, the opposite effect is seen, with the tumor immune microenvironment significantly more inflamed. These effects are mirrored in rates of response to immune checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy, which tend to be higher in smokers with lung cancer, but lower in smokers with head and neck cancer. We find a similarly strong immunosuppressive effect of smoking in non-cancerous lung epithelium. Taken together, our findings show that the effects of mutational signatures on the immune microenvironment and response to immunotherapy can be affected by context such as cancer type, anatomic site, and histology.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.