ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2019
The Not-so-Sterile Womb: Evidence That the Human Fetus Is Exposed to Bacteria Prior to Birth.
Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 200 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
200 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 393 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Influences of Oral Probiotics on the Immunometabolic Response During Pregnancy and Lactation: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Investigating prenatal and perinatal factors on meconium microbiota: a systematic review and cohort study.Pediatric research · 2024Pooled it
- Do Probiotics in Pregnancy Reduce Allergies and Asthma in Infancy and Childhood? A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Enteral Feeding Interventions in the Prevention of Necrotizing Enterocolitis: A Systematic Review of Experimental and Clinical Studies.Nutrients · 2021Pooled it
- Characterizing the Composition of the Pediatric Gut Microbiome: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2019Pooled it
- Associations of vaginal microbiota with the onset, severity, and type of symptoms of genitourinary syndrome of menopause in women.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Trial
- A Paternal Fish Oil Diet Preconception Modulates the Gut Microbiome and Attenuates Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Neonatal Mice.Marine drugs · 2022Trial
- Antibiotics and the developing intestinal microbiome, metabolome and inflammatory environment in a randomized trial of preterm infants.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Does Fibre-fix provided to people with irritable bowel syndrome who are consuming a low FODMAP diet improve their gut health, gut microbiome, sleep and mental health? A double-blinded, randomised controlled trial.BMJ open gastroenterology · 2020Trial
- Trial
- Maternal and infant gut microbiome.iMeta · 2026Review
- The Maternal Microbiome in Pregnancy: From Physiological Changes to Dysbiosis and Obstetrical Complications-Therapeutic Perspectives.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Protecting Newborns from Multidrug-Resistant Infections: The Emerging Role of Bacteriophages.Viruses · 2026Review
- Short-chain fatty acids-a key link between the gut microbiome and T-lymphocytes in neonates?Pediatric research · 2026Review
- Maternal factors associate with microbiota-derived extracellular vesicle profiles in pregnancy: a clinical cohort study.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Development of the Urogenital Microbiota in Healthy Beagle Puppies: A Longitudinal Comparison with the Dam.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A Review of Gut Microbiota Dynamics: From Healthy Gestation to Gestational Diabetes in Human and Mouse Models.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota dysbiosis, circulating microbial genetic traces, and their role in gestational diabetes.World journal of diabetes · 2026Review
- Unveiling balanced prenatal microbial colonization in amniotic fluid through an integrated culture and sequencing approach.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Crosstalk between the microbiome and the mucosal immunoglobulin A system in the lung, in health and disease.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
140 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The human microbiome includes trillions of bacteria, many of which play a vital role in host physiology. Numerous studies have now detected bacterial DNA in first-pass meconium and amniotic fluid samples, suggesting that the human microbiome may commence
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.