ArticleEnvironment international2019
Urinary concentrations of environmental phenols and their associations with breast cancer incidence and mortality following breast cancer.
Article in Environment international, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Relationship Between Climate Change and Breast Cancer and Its Management and Preventative Implications in South Africa.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Pooled it
- Endocrine-disrupting chemicals and breast cancer: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Pooled it
- A systematic review on the effects of acrylamide and bisphenol A on the development of Drosophila melanogaster.Molecular biology reports · 2022Pooled it
- The Association of Bisphenol A and Phthalates with Risk of Breast Cancer: A Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Bisphenol A and cancer: a critical review of the epidemiologic literature with an emphasis on exposure assessment.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2026Review
- Cosmetic Habits Associated With Breast Cancer in Benin: A Multicenter Case-Control Study.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2026Article
- Parabens and estrogen-mediated cancers: unraveling coincidence, co-occurrence, and causality.npj women's health · 2026Review
- Environmental co-exposure to microplastics and phenol may influence redox signaling and tumor microenvironment dynamics.Journal of Cancer · 2026Review
- Land use, zoning, and breast cancer incidence in California: an ecological study.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2025Article
- Urinary Levels of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Breast Density in Young Women.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2025Article
- Association between Urinary Phenols and Parabens as Well as Breast Cancer.Iranian journal of public health · 2025Article
- Associations between phenol and paraben exposure and the risk of developing breast cancer in adult women: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Advancing environmental epidemiologic methods to confront the cancer burden.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Relationship between the level of mixed chemicals in male urine and the prevalence of male cancers, especially prostate cancer.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Bisphenol A and DDT disrupt adipocyte function in the mammary gland: implications for breast cancer risk and progression.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Impact of Structural Racism and Social Determinants of Health on Disparities in Breast Cancer Mortality.Cancer research · 2024Review
- Personal Care Product Use during Puberty and Incident Breast Cancer among Black, Hispanic/Latina, and White Women in a Prospective US-Wide Cohort.Environmental health perspectives · 2024Article
- Use of personal care product mixtures and incident hormone-sensitive cancers in the Sister Study: A U.S.-wide prospective cohort.Environment international · 2024Article
- The adverse role of endocrine disrupting chemicals in the reproductive system.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Triclosan is associated with breast cancer via oxidative stress and relative telomere length.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEnvironmental phenols, compounds used widely in personal care and consumer products, are known endocrine disruptors. Few epidemiologic studies have examined the association of phenol biomarkers with breast cancer incidence and, to our knowledge, none have considered associations with mortality following breast cancer. We examined seven urinary phenol biomarkers in association with breast cancer incidence and subsequent mortality, and examined effect measure modification by body mass index (BMI).
methodsParticipants included 711 women with breast cancer and 598 women without breast cancer who were interviewed for the population-based Long Island Breast Cancer Study Project. Among women with breast cancer, phenol biomarkers were quantified in spot urine samples collected on average within three months of a first diagnosis of primary in situ or invasive breast cancer in 1996-1997. Women with breast cancer were monitored for vital status using the National Death Index. After a median follow-up of 17.6 years, we identified 271 deaths, including 98 deaths from breast cancer. We examined creatinine-corrected phenol concentrations and the sum of parabens (Σparabens) in association with breast cancer incidence using logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and with mortality using Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs. We evaluated multiplicative effect measure modification using cross-product terms in nested models.
resultsThe highest (vs lowest) quintiles of urinary methylparaben, propylparaben, and Σparabens were associated with risk of breast cancer with ORs ranging from 1.31 to 1.50. Methylparaben, propylparaben, and Σparabens were also associated with all-cause mortality HRs ranging from 0.68 to 0.77. Associations for breast cancer incidence were more pronounced among women with BMI < 25.0 kg/m
conclusionsSelect parabens may have differential associations with risk of developing breast cancer and mortality following breast cancer.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.