ArticleJournal of the American Medical Directors Association2019
Lap Time Variability From a 400-m Walk Is Associated With Future Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease.
Article in Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Early detection of diseases causing dementia using digital navigation and gait measures: A systematic review of evidence.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Pooled it
- Impact of Sleep Quality on Gait Variability: Pilot Cohort Study.JMIR aging · 2026Article
- Physical fitness and incident mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review.European review of aging and physical activity : official journal of the European Group for Research into Elderly and Physical Activity · 2025Review
- Sensory and motor deficits as contributors to early cognitive impairment.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- Predictive Validity of Motor Fitness and Flexibility Tests in Adults and Older Adults: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Depression Moderates Physical Functioning Over Time in Survivors of Cancer.Rehabilitation oncology (American Physical Therapy Association. Oncology Section) · 2021Article
- Gait and balance disturbances are common in young urbanites and associated with cognitive impairment. Air pollution and the historical development of Alzheimer's disease in the young.Environmental research · 2020Article
- Walking energetics and white matter hyperintensities in mid-to-late adulthood.Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo determine whether the trajectory of preclinical lap time variability from a 400-m walk differentiates participants with future mild cognitive impairment (MCI)/Alzheimer's disease (AD) from matched controls.
designA case-control retrospective study embedded in a large longitudinal cohort study, the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA).
settingIn the BLSA, participants were scheduled for clinical visits, including mobility and cognitive assessments. Data reported here were collected between April 2007 and September 2017 (average follow-up 5.2 ± 2.4 years).
participants67 participants developed MCI/AD and 134 age- and sex-matched controls remained cognitively normal. MEASUREMENTS: Diagnoses of MCI and AD were adjudicated at a consensus conference. The rate of change in lap time variability between MCI/AD cases prior to symptom onset and controls were compared using mixed effects linear regression, and adjusted for baseline executive function, memory, gait speed, and changes in gait speed.
resultsCompared to controls, eventual MCI/AD cases had a greater rate of increase in lap time variability prior to symptom onset (β = 0.59, P = .009). This association was independent of baseline cognition, gait speeds at baseline or change over time from a 6-m or 400-m walk. CONCLUSION/IMPLICATIONS: Independent of other early indicators and gait slowing, a greater rate of increase in lap time variability from a 400-m walk differentiates individuals who eventually develop MCI/AD from controls, suggesting that early pathology affects the automaticity of walking. Lap time variability can be assessed during routine clinical practice over time and might help identify individuals at risk for future MCI/AD.
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